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<p><strong>Myxedema</strong> (British English: <strong>myxoedema</strong>) is a skin and tissue disorder usually due to severe prolonged <strong><a title="Hypothyroidism" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyroidism">hypothyroidism</a></strong>. Hypothyroidism can be caused by <a title="Hashimoto's thyroiditis" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hashimoto%27s_thyroiditis">Hashimoto's thyroiditis</a>, surgical removal of the <a title="Thyroid" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid">thyroid</a>, and rarer conditions. Partial forms of myxedema, especially of the lower legs (called <a title="Pretibial myxedema" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretibial_myxedema">pretibial myxedema</a>), occasionally occur in adults with <a title="Graves' disease" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graves%27_disease">Graves' disease</a>, a cause of hyperthyroidism; or also Hashimoto's thyroiditis without severe hypothyroidism.</p>
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<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myxedema#Symptoms"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Symptoms</span></a> </li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myxedema#Causes"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Causes</span></a> </li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myxedema#Treatment"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Treatment</span></a> </li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myxedema#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a> </li>
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<p><a id="Symptoms" name="Symptoms"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a title="Edit section: Symptoms" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Myxedema&action=edit&section=1">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Symptoms</span></h2>
<p>Myxedema usually presents itself with some of the following symptoms:</p>
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<li>정의Skin thickening <br /li>-[[점액수종]] <li>Coarse skin <br /li>-[[갑상선 기능저하증]]의 가장 심한 형태 <li>Change in facial appearance </li> <li>Thickening nose </ulli> <pli>Swollen lips <br /li> <li>Puffiness around the eyes <br /li> <li>[[imageJelly-like infiltrations in <a class="mw-redirect" title="Subcutaneous" href="http:점액수종1//en.wikipedia.jpg]]org/wiki/Subcutaneous">subcutaneous</a> tissues </li> <li>Slow speech </li> <li>Mental dullness <br /li><출처 : <li>Lethargy </li> <li>Mental problems </li> <li>Dry skin </li> <li>Yellow skin </li> <li>Swollen <font colora class="mw-redirect" title="Subcutaneous" href="#000000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subcutaneous"> subcutaneous</a> tissue <font size/li> <li>Weight gain </li> <li><a title="2Constipation" href=">wwwhttp://en.meddeanwikipedia.luc.edu>org/wiki/Constipation">Constipation</a> </li> <li>Thinning hair </li> <li>Brittle hair </li> <li>Bald patches </fontli> <li>Muscle pains <br /li> <li><a class="mw-redirect" title="Deafness" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/fontDeafness">Deafness<br /a></pli> <ulli><a title="Hearing impairment" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hearing_impairment">Hearing impairment</a> </li> <li>내용<br a title="Carpal tunnel syndrome" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpal_tunnel_syndrome">Carpal tunnel syndrome</a>-손, 얼굴, 안와 주위 조직의 종창이 특징 </li>
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<p><a id="Causes" name="Causes"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a title="Edit section: Causes" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Myxedema&action=edit&section=2">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Causes</span></h2>
<p>Myxedema stemming from both the <a class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperthyroid" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperthyroid">hyperthyroid</a> and <a class="mw-redirect" title="Hypothyroid" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothyroid">hypothyroid</a> conditions, results from the accumulation of increased amounts of <a class="mw-redirect" title="Hyaluronic acid" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyaluronic_acid">hyaluronic acid</a> and <a title="Chondroitin sulfate" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chondroitin_sulfate">chondroitin sulfate</a> in the <a title="Dermis" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermis">dermis</a> in both lesional and normal skin. The mechanism that causes myxedema is still not yet understood, although animal model studies suggest that <a title="Thyroid" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid">thyroid</a> <a class="mw-redirect" title="Hormones" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormones">hormones</a> affect the <a title="Synthesis" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthesis">synthesis</a> and <a title="Catabolism" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catabolism">catabolism</a> of <a class="mw-redirect" title="Mucopolysaccharides" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucopolysaccharides">mucopolysaccharides</a> and <a title="Collagen" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen">collagen</a> by dermal <a class="mw-redirect" title="Fibroblasts" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroblasts">fibroblasts</a>. The fibroblasts in the <a title="Orbit (anatomy)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbit_%28anatomy%29">orbital</a> and <a class="new" title="Pretibial (page does not exist)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pretibial&action=edit&redlink=1">pretibial</a> <a title="Dermis" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dermis">dermis</a> share <a class="mw-redirect" title="Antigenic" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antigenic">antigenic</a> sites that underlie the <a class="mw-redirect" title="Autoimmune" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune">autoimmune</a> process that causes <a class="mw-redirect" title="Grave's disease" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grave%27s_disease">Grave's disease</a>. This cross-reaction may contribute to the development of myxedema long after normal levels of thyroid hormones have been restored by treatment.</p>
<p><a id="Treatment" name="Treatment"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a title="Edit section: Treatment" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Myxedema&action=edit&section=3">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">Treatment</span></h2>
<p>Treatment for myxedema is difficult. Systemic or <a class="new" title="Intralesional (page does not exist)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Intralesional&action=edit&redlink=1">intralesional</a> <a class="mw-redirect" title="Glucocorticoids" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucocorticoids">glucocorticoids</a>, <a title="Topical" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topical">topical</a> <a class="mw-redirect" title="Glucocorticoids" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucocorticoids">glucocorticoids</a> under <a title="Occlusion" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occlusion">occlusion</a> or high-dose <a class="mw-redirect" title="Intravenous" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intravenous">intravenous</a> <a class="mw-redirect" title="Immunoglobulin" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin">immunoglobulin</a> have been reported to offer some relief to patients. Treatment should follow correction of the original hyperthyroidism/hypothyroidism.</p>
<p><a id="See_also" name="See_also"></a></p>
<h2><span class="editsection">[<a title="Edit section: See also" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Myxedema&action=edit&section=4">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline">See also</span></h2>
<p>Severe hypothyroidism in a child is called <a title="Cretinism" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cretinism">Cretinism</a> -<br />
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