Changes

Newer edit →

Wikipedia

111,040 bytes added, 12:15, 19 May 2007

no edit summary

Wikipedia (<a href="/wiki/IPA_chart_for_English" title="IPA chart for English">IPA</a>: /ˌwikiˈpiːdi.ə/, /ˌwɪkiˈpiːdi.ə/, or /ˌwaɪkiˈpiːdi.ə/ (<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/En-us-Wikipedia.ogg" title="En-us-Wikipedia.ogg" class="internal">Audio (U.S.)</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" title="Wikipedia:Media help">help</a>·<a href="/wiki/Image:En-us-Wikipedia.ogg" title="Image:En-us-Wikipedia.ogg">info</a>)) is a <a href="/wiki/Multilingualism" title="Multilingualism">multilingual</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">web</a>-based, <a href="/wiki/Free_content" title="Free content">free content</a> <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia" title="Encyclopedia">encyclopedia</a> project. Wikipedia is written collaboratively by <a href="/wiki/Volunteer" title="Volunteer">volunteers</a>; the vast majority of its articles can be edited by anyone with access to the Internet. Wikipedia's name is a <a href="/wiki/Portmanteau" title="Portmanteau">portmanteau</a> of the words <a href="/wiki/Wiki" title="Wiki">wiki</a> (a type of collaborative website) and <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia" title="Encyclopedia">encyclopedia</a>. Its main <a href="/wiki/Server_%28computing%29" title="Server (computing)">servers</a> are in <a href="/wiki/Tampa%2C_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa, Florida</a>, with additional servers in <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>.
Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/English_Wikipedia" title="English Wikipedia">English edition</a> was launched on <a href="/wiki/January_15" title="January 15">January 15</a>, <a href="/wiki/2001" title="2001">2001</a>, as a complement to <a href="/wiki/Nupedia" title="Nupedia">Nupedia</a>, an expert-written and now defunct encyclopedia. The project is currently operated by the <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Non-profit_organization" title="Non-profit organization">non-profit organization</a> created by <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Wales" title="Jimmy Wales">Jimmy Wales</a>, the co-founder of Wikipedia.<a href="#_note-foundercontroversy" title="">[2]</a><a href="#_note-Dan_Mitchell" title="">[3]</a><a href="#_note-David_Mehegan" title="">[4]</a><a href="#_note-Brian_Bergstein" title="">[5]</a><a href="#_note-The_Hive" title="">[6]</a> Wikipedia has approximately 7.2 million articles in 251 languages,<a href="#_note-ListOfWikipedias" title="">[1]</a> 1.7 million of which are in the English edition. It has steadily risen in popularity since its inception,<a href="#_note-AlexaStats" title="">[7]</a> and currently ranks among the top fifteen most-visited websites worldwide.<a href="#_note-0" title="">[8]</a>
Due to its open nature, critics have questioned Wikipedia's reliability and accuracy.<a href="#_note-Who" title="">[9]</a> The site has also been criticized for its susceptibility to <a href="/wiki/Vandalism" title="Vandalism">vandalism</a>,<a href="#_note-DeathByWikipedia" title="">[10]</a> uneven quality, <a href="/wiki/Systemic_bias" title="Systemic bias">systemic bias</a> and inconsistencies,<a href="#_note-SangerElitism" title="">[11]</a> and for favoring <a href="/wiki/Consensus" title="Consensus">consensus</a> over <a href="/wiki/Credential" title="Credential">credentials</a> in its editorial process.<a href="#_note-AcademiaAndWikipedia" title="">[12]</a> Wikipedia's content policies<a href="#_note-PoliciesAndGuidelines" title="">[13]</a> and sub-projects set up by contributors seek to address these concerns.<a href="#_note-1" title="">[14]</a> Two scholarly studies have concluded that vandalism is generally short-lived<a href="#_note-MIT_IBM_study" title="">[15]</a> and that Wikipedia is generally as accurate as other encyclopedias.<a href="#_note-Rosenzweig_2006" title="">[16]</a>
<table summary="Contents" id="toc" class="toc">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<div id="toctitle">
<h2>Content</h2>
[<a href="javascript:toggleToc()" id="togglelink" class="internal">hide</a>]</div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Authorship_and_management">1 Authorship and management</a> </li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Software_and_hardware">2 Software and hardware</a> </li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Language_editions">3 Language editions</a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Coordination_and_translation">3.1 Coordination and translation</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Reliability_and_bias">4 Reliability and bias</a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Academic_evaluation">4.1 Academic evaluation</a> </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Criticism_and_controversy">5 Criticism and controversy</a> </li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Awards">6 Awards</a> </li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#In_the_media">7 In the media</a> </li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Related_projects">8 Related projects</a> </li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Fork_of_Citizendium">9 Fork of Citizendium</a> </li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#See_also">10 See also</a> </li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#References">11 References</a> </li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#External_links">12 External links</a> </li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<script type="text/javascript">
//<![CDATA[
if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); }
//]]>
</script>
<a name="Authorship_and_management" id="Authorship_and_management"></a>
<h2>Authorship and management</h2>
During December 2005, about 27,000 users made at least five edits to Wikipedia; of these, 17,000 worked on the English edition.<a href="#_note-2" title="">[17]</a> Maintenance tasks are performed by a group of volunteers; these include developers, who work on the <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a> software, and other trusted users with various permission levels including "steward", "bureaucrat" and "administrator".<a href="#_note-3" title="">[18]</a> Administrators are the largest group of specially privileged users, and have the ability to delete (remove) pages, lock articles from being changed, and prevent users from editing.<a href="#_note-4" title="">[19]</a>
Wikipedia is funded through the <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a>. Its 4th Quarter 2005 costs were $321,000 <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">USD</a>, with hardware making up almost 60% of the budget.<a href="#_note-5" title="">[20]</a> The Wikimedia Foundation currently relies primarily on private donations, and holds regular fundraisers;<a href="#_note-6" title="">[21]</a> the January 2007 fundraiser raised just over $1 million.<a href="#_note-7" title="">[22]</a>
<a name="Software_and_hardware" id="Software_and_hardware"></a>
<h2>Software and hardware</h2>
<div class="thumb tleft">
<div style="width: 252px;" class="thumbinner"><a href="/wiki/Image:Floridaserversfront1.jpg" title="Wikipedia receives between 10,000 and 30,000 page requests per second, depending on time of day. More than 100 servers have been set up to handle the traffic." class="internal"><img width="250" height="188" longdesc="/wiki/Image:Floridaserversfront1.jpg" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Floridaserversfront1.jpg/250px-Floridaserversfront1.jpg" alt="Wikipedia receives between 10,000 and 30,000 page requests per second, depending on time of day. More than 100 servers have been set up to handle the traffic." class="thumbimage" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption">
<div style="float: right;" class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/Image:Floridaserversfront1.jpg" title="Enlarge" class="internal"><img width="15" height="11" src="/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" /></a></div>
Wikipedia receives between 10,000 and 30,000 page requests per second, depending on time of day.<a href="#_note-8" title="">[23]</a> More than 100 servers have been set up to handle the traffic.</div>
</div>
</div>
The operation of Wikipedia depends on <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki" title="MediaWiki">MediaWiki</a>, a custom-made, <a href="/wiki/Open_source" title="Open source">open source</a> <a href="/wiki/Wiki_software" title="Wiki software">wiki software</a> platform written in <a href="/wiki/PHP" title="PHP">PHP</a> and built upon the <a href="/wiki/MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a> database. The software incorporates modern programming features, such as a <a href="/wiki/Macro_language" title="Macro language">macro language</a>, <a href="/wiki/Variables" title="Variables">variables</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Transclusion" title="Transclusion">transclusion</a> system for <a href="/wiki/Template" title="Template">templates</a>, and <a href="/wiki/URL_redirection" title="URL redirection">URL redirection</a>. MediaWiki is licensed under the <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GNU General Public License</a> and used by all Wikimedia projects, as well as many other wiki projects. Originally, Wikipedia ran on <a href="/wiki/UseModWiki" title="UseModWiki">UseModWiki</a> written in <a href="/wiki/Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a> by Clifford Adams (Phase I), which initially required <a href="/wiki/CamelCase" title="CamelCase">CamelCase</a> for article hyperlinks; the present double brackets were incorporated later. Starting in January 2002 (Phase II), Wikipedia began running on a <a href="/wiki/PhpWiki" title="PhpWiki">PHP wiki</a> engine with a MySQL database; this software was custom-made for Wikipedia by <a href="/wiki/Magnus_Manske" title="Magnus Manske">Magnus Manske</a>. The Phase II software was repeatedly modified to accommodate the <a href="/wiki/Exponential_growth" title="Exponential growth">exponentially increasing</a> demand. In July 2002 (Phase III), Wikipedia shifted to the third-generation software, MediaWiki, originally written by Lee Daniel Crocker.
<div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 202px;" class="thumbinner"><a href="/wiki/Image:Wikimedia-servers-2006-05-09.svg" title="Overview of system architecture, May 2006. Source: layout diagrams Server layout diagrams on Meta-Wiki." class="internal"><img width="200" height="141" longdesc="/wiki/Image:Wikimedia-servers-2006-05-09.svg" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wikimedia-servers-2006-05-09.svg/200px-Wikimedia-servers-2006-05-09.svg.png" alt="Overview of system architecture, May 2006. Source: layout diagrams Server layout diagrams on Meta-Wiki." class="thumbimage" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption">
<div style="float: right;" class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/Image:Wikimedia-servers-2006-05-09.svg" title="Enlarge" class="internal"><img width="15" height="11" src="/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" /></a></div>
Overview of system architecture, May 2006. Source: <a rel="nofollow" href="http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Server" title="http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Server" class="external text">layout diagrams Server layout diagrams on Meta-Wiki</a>.</div>
</div>
</div>
Wikipedia runs on dedicated <a href="/wiki/Computer_cluster" title="Computer cluster">clusters</a> of <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> servers in <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> and in four other locations.<a href="#_note-9" title="">[24]</a> Wikipedia employed a single server until 2004, when the server setup was expanded into a distributed <a href="/wiki/Multitier_architecture" title="Multitier architecture">multitier architecture</a>. In January 2005, the project ran on 39 <a href="/wiki/Dedicated_hosting_service" title="Dedicated hosting service">dedicated servers</a> located in Florida. This configuration included a single master <a href="/wiki/Database_server" title="Database server">database server</a> running <a href="/wiki/MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a>, multiple slave database servers, 21 <a href="/wiki/Web_server" title="Web server">web servers</a> running the <a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache HTTP Server</a>, and seven <a href="/wiki/Squid_cache" title="Squid cache">Squid cache</a> servers. By September 2005, its <a href="/wiki/Computer_cluster" title="Computer cluster">server cluster</a> had grown to around 100 servers in four locations around the world.
Page requests are first passed to a front-end layer of <a href="/wiki/Squid_cache" title="Squid cache">Squid caching</a> servers. Requests that cannot be served from the Squid cache are sent to load-balancing servers running the <a href="/wiki/Perlbal" title="Perlbal">Perlbal</a> software, which in turn pass the request to one of the Apache web servers for page-rendering from the database. The web servers deliver pages as requested, performing page rendering for all the language editions of Wikipedia. To increase speed further, rendered pages for anonymous users are cached in a filesystem until invalidated, allowing page rendering to be skipped entirely for most common page accesses. To further accelerate response times, Wikimedia is building a global network of caching servers, beginning with three caching servers in France. Two larger clusters in the Netherlands and Korea now handle much of Wikipedia's traffic load.
<a name="Language_editions" id="Language_editions"></a>
<h2>Language editions</h2>
<dl><dd>See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias" title="List of Wikipedias">List of Wikipedias</a> </dd></dl>
<div class="thumb tright">
<div style="width: 302px;" class="thumbinner"><a href="/wiki/Image:He-Wikipedia.png" title="Wikipedia in Hebrew." class="internal"><img width="300" height="167" longdesc="/wiki/Image:He-Wikipedia.png" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/He-Wikipedia.png/300px-He-Wikipedia.png" alt="Wikipedia in Hebrew." class="thumbimage" /></a>
<div class="thumbcaption">
<div style="float: right;" class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/Image:He-Wikipedia.png" title="Enlarge" class="internal"><img width="15" height="11" src="/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" /></a></div>
Wikipedia in <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>.<a href="#_note-10" title="">[25]</a></div>
</div>
</div>
Wikipedia has been described as "an effort to create and distribute a free encyclopedia of the highest possible quality to every single person on the planet in their own language".<a href="#_note-11" title="">[26]</a> There are presently 251 language editions of Wikipedia; of these, the top 14 have over 100,000 articles and the top 132 have over 1,000 articles.<a href="#_note-ListOfWikipedias" title="">[1]</a>
Since Wikipedia is web-based, therefore world-wide, contributors of a same language edition may use different dialects or may come from different countries (this is the case for the <a href="/wiki/English_Wikipedia" title="English Wikipedia">English edition</a>). These differences may lead to some conflicts about spelling<a href="#_note-12" title="">[27]</a> or points of view<a href="#_note-13" title="">[28]</a>. According to <a href="/wiki/Alexa_Internet" title="Alexa Internet">Alexa Internet's</a> <a href="/wiki/Audience" title="Audience">audience measurement</a> service, the English <a href="/wiki/Subdomain" title="Subdomain">subdomain</a> (en.wikipedia.org) receives approximately 55% of Wikipedia's cumulative traffic, with the remaining 45% split among the other languages.<a href="#_note-AlexaStats" title="">[7]</a>
Though the various language editions are held to global policies such as "neutral point of view," they diverge on some points of policy and practice. It is most notably the case for the use of non-free images.<a href="#_note-14" title="">[29]</a>
<a name="Coordination_and_translation" id="Coordination_and_translation"></a>
<h3>Coordination and translation</h3>
Though each language editions are more or less independent, some efforts are made to supervise them all. They are coordinated in part by <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Meta-Wiki" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Meta-Wiki" class="external text">Meta-Wiki</a>, the Wikimedia Foundation's wiki devoted to maintaining all of its projects (Wikipedia and others). For instance, Meta-Wiki provide important statistics on all language editions of Wikipedia and maintain a <a rel="nofollow" href="http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_articles_every_Wikipedia_should_have" title="http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_articles_every_Wikipedia_should_have" class="external text">list of articles every Wikipedia should have</a>. This list concerns basic content like science, history, geography, etc. As for the rest, it is not rare articles for strongly related to a particular language do not have their counterparts in another edition. For example, articles about small townships of the United States might only be available in English.
Multilingual editors of sufficient fluency are encouraged to translate articles manually; automated translation of articles is explicitly disallowed.<a href="#_note-15" title="">[30]</a> Translated articles represent only a small portion of articles in most editions.<a href="#_note-16" title="">[31]</a> Articles available in more than one language may offer "<a href="/wiki/InterWiki" title="InterWiki">InterWiki</a>" links in their left margins, which link to the counterpart articles in other editions. Images and other non-verbal media are shared among the various language editions through the <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> repository. Beyond translations, some multingual efforts are also realised thanks to the <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilingual_coordination" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilingual_coordination" class="external text">multilingual coordination</a>.
<a name="Reliability_and_bias" id="Reliability_and_bias"></a>
<h2>Reliability and bias</h2>
<dl><dd>
<div class="noprint">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Reliability_of_Wikipedia" title="Reliability of Wikipedia">Reliability of Wikipedia</a></div>
</dd></dl>
Wikipedia appeals to the authority of peer-reviewed publications rather than the personal authority of experts.<a href="#_note-WP_RS" title="">[32]</a> Wikipedia does not require that its contributors give their legal names<a href="#_note-17" title="">[33]</a> or provide other information to establish their identity.<a href="#_note-18" title="">[34]</a> Although some contributors are authorities in their field, Wikipedia requires that even their contributions be supported by published sources.<a href="#_note-WP_RS" title="">[32]</a>
Wikipedia tries to address the problem of <a href="/wiki/Systemic_bias" title="Systemic bias">systemic bias</a>, and to deal with zealous editors who seek to influence the presentation of an article in a biased way, by insisting on a neutral point of view.<a href="#_note-NPOV" title="">[35]</a> The English-language Wikipedia has introduced a scale against which the quality of articles is judged;<a href="#_note-19" title="">[36]</a> other editions have also adopted this. Roughly 1200 articles have passed a rigorous set of criteria to reach the highest rank, "featured article" status; such articles are intended to provide a thorough, well-written coverage of their topic, and be supported by many references to peer-reviewed publications.<a href="#_note-20" title="">[37]</a>
<a name="Academic_evaluation" id="Academic_evaluation"></a>
<h3>Academic evaluation</h3>
Some studies suggest that Wikipedia provides a good starting point for research, but sometimes suffers from significant omissions and inaccuracies.<a href="#_note-21" title="">[38]</a> On the other hand, an investigation by <a href="/wiki/Nature_%28journal%29" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a> comparing Wikipedia to the Encyclopædia Britannica suggested a near similar level of accuracy in terms of its <a href="/wiki/Natural_science" title="Natural science">natural science</a> articles.<a href="#_note-22" title="">[39]</a> <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a> Inc. disagreed and described this study as "fatally flawed",<a href="#_note-23" title="">[40]</a> to which Nature later responded, stating that its study was perfectly neutral.<a href="#_note-24" title="">[41]</a> Other studies have concluded that Wikipedia's coverage of history is significantly broader and deeper than that of <a href="/wiki/Encarta" title="Encarta">Encarta</a>, while being just as accurate,<a href="#_note-Rosenzweig_2006" title="">[16]</a> and that obvious vandalism is usually reverted quickly.<a href="#_note-MIT_IBM_study" title="">[15]</a>
In a study of Wikipedia as a community, economics PhD student Andrea Ciffolilli argued that the low <a href="/wiki/Transaction_cost" title="Transaction cost">transaction costs</a> of participating in <a href="/wiki/Wiki" title="Wiki">wiki</a> software create a catalyst for collaborative development, and that a "creative construction" approach encourages participation.<a href="#_note-25" title="">[42]</a>
In February 2007, an article in <a href="/wiki/The_Harvard_Crimson" title="The Harvard Crimson">The Harvard Crimson</a> newspaper reported that some of the professors at <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> do include Wikipedia in their syllabi, but that there is a split in their perception of using Wikipedia.<a href="#_note-26" title="">[43]</a>
<a name="Criticism_and_controversy" id="Criticism_and_controversy"></a>
<h2>Criticism and controversy</h2>
<dl><dd>
<div class="noprint">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Wikipedia" title="Criticism of Wikipedia">Criticism of Wikipedia</a></div>
</dd></dl>
Wikipedia has been accused of exhibiting <a href="/wiki/Systemic_bias" title="Systemic bias">systemic bias</a> and inconsistency;<a href="#_note-Who" title="">[9]</a> critics argue that Wikipedia's open nature, and favouring <a href="/wiki/Consensus" title="Consensus">consensus</a> over <a href="/wiki/Credential" title="Credential">credentials</a> in its editorial process, makes it unauthoritative, and that a lack of proper sources for much of the information makes it unreliable.<a href="#_note-27" title="">[44]</a> Some commentators suggest that Wikipedia is usually reliable, but that it is not always clear how much.<a href="#_note-AcademiaAndWikipedia" title="">[12]</a> The project's preference for <a href="/wiki/Consensus" title="Consensus">consensus</a> over <a href="/wiki/Credential" title="Credential">credentials</a> has been labelled "anti-elitism".<a href="#_note-SangerElitism" title="">[11]</a> Editors of traditional <a href="/wiki/Reference_work" title="Reference work">reference works</a> such as the Encyclopædia Britannica have questioned the project's utility and status as an encyclopedia.<a href="#_note-McHenry_2004" title="">[45]</a> Many <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">university</a> <a href="/wiki/Lecturer" title="Lecturer">lecturers</a> discourage students from citing any encyclopedia in <a href="/wiki/Academia" title="Academia">academic work</a>, preferring <a href="/wiki/Primary_source" title="Primary source">primary sources</a>;<a href="#_note-WideWorldOfWikipedia" title="">[46]</a> some specifically prohibit Wikipedia citations.<a href="#_note-28" title="">[47]</a> Co-founder <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Wales" title="Jimmy Wales">Jimmy Wales</a> stresses that encyclopedias of any type are not usually appropriate as primary sources, and should not be relied upon as authoritative.<a href="#_note-AWorkInProgress" title="">[48]</a> Technology writer <a href="/wiki/Bill_Thompson_%28technology_writer%29" title="Bill Thompson (technology writer)">Bill Thompson</a> commented that the debate was possibly "symptomatic of much learning about information which is happening in society today."<a href="#_note-29" title="">[49]</a>
Concerns have also been raised regarding the lack of <a href="/wiki/Accountability" title="Accountability">accountability</a> that results from users' anonymity,<a href="#_note-WikipediaWatch" title="">[50]</a> and that it is vulnerable to <a href="/wiki/Vandalism" title="Vandalism">vandalism</a> and Internet <a href="/wiki/Troll_%28internet%29" title="Troll (internet)">trolls</a>.<a href="#_note-30" title="">[51]</a> For example, <a href="/wiki/John_Seigenthaler_Sr._Wikipedia_biography_controversy" title="John Seigenthaler Sr. Wikipedia biography controversy">false information was introduced</a> into the biography of <a href="/wiki/John_Seigenthaler%2C_Sr." title="John Seigenthaler, Sr.">John Seigenthaler, Sr.</a> and remained undetected for four months.<a href="#_note-31" title="">[52]</a>
Wikipedia's community has been described as "<a href="/wiki/Cult" title="Cult">cult</a>-like",<a href="#_note-32" title="">[53]</a> although not always with entirely negative connotations,<a href="#_note-33" title="">[54]</a> and criticised for failing to accommodate inexperienced users.<a href="#_note-34" title="">[55]</a> The addition of political <a href="/wiki/Spin_%28public_relations%29" title="Spin (public relations)">spin</a> to articles by organizations including the <a href="/wiki/U.S._House_of_Representatives" title="U.S. House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> and special interest groups<a href="#_note-DeathByWikipedia" title="">[10]</a> has been noted,<a href="#_note-35" title="">[56]</a> and organizations such as <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> have offered financial incentives to work on certain articles.<a href="#_note-36" title="">[57]</a> Wikipedia has been parodied by its critics, notably by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Colbert" title="Stephen Colbert">Stephen Colbert</a> in <a href="/wiki/The_Colbert_Report" title="The Colbert Report">The Colbert Report</a>.<a href="#_note-37" title="">[58]</a>
In 2007, the Wikipedia article on then-Montana senator <a href="/wiki/Conrad_Burns" title="Conrad Burns">Conrad Burns</a> was edited by his own staff, causing <a href="/wiki/Political_scandal" title="Political scandal">political scandal</a> among his constituents.<a href="#_note-38" title="">[59]</a>
Wikipedia's content policies<a href="#_note-PoliciesAndGuidelines" title="">[13]</a> and sub-projects set up by contributors seek to address these concerns.<a href="#_note-39" title="">[60]</a> Several scholarly studies have concluded that vandalism is generally short-lived,<a href="#_note-MIT_IBM_study" title="">[15]</a> and that Wikipedia is roughly as accurate as other online encyclopedias.<a href="#_note-Rosenzweig_2006" title="">[16]</a>
Due to Wikipedia's openness, it is a prime target for <a href="/wiki/Troll_%28Internet%29" title="Troll (Internet)">trolls</a> who, with intent, add misleading, sometimes biased information to articles or delete or reword <a href="/wiki/Objectivity_%28journalism%29" title="Objectivity (journalism)">neutral in tone</a> information from articles, occasionally, carry on a seemingly never ending conversation in article discussion rooms, and draw undue attention to themselves.<a href="#_note-Torsten_Kleinz" title="">[61]</a><a href="#_note-Left_in_Control_of_Wikipedia" title="">[62]</a>
<a name="Awards" id="Awards"></a>
<h2>Awards</h2>
Wikipedia won two major awards in May 2004.<a href="#_note-40" title="">[63]</a> The first was a Golden Nica for Digital Communities of the annual <a href="/wiki/Prix_Ars_Electronica" title="Prix Ars Electronica">Prix Ars Electronica</a> contest; this came with a €10,000 (£6,588; $12,700) grant and an invitation to present at the PAE Cyberarts Festival in <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> later that year. The second was a Judges' <a href="/wiki/Webby_Awards" title="Webby Awards">Webby Award</a> for the "community" category.<a href="#_note-41" title="">[64]</a> Wikipedia was also nominated for a "Best Practices" Webby. In September 2004, the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Wikipedia" title="Japanese Wikipedia">Japanese Wikipedia</a> was awarded a Web Creation Award from the Japan Advertisers Association. This award, normally given to individuals for great contributions to the Web in Japanese, was accepted by a long-standing contributor on behalf of the project.
In a 2006 Multiscope research study, the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Wikipedia" title="Dutch Wikipedia">Dutch Wikipedia</a> was rated the third best <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch language</a> site, after <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gmail" title="Gmail">Gmail</a>, with a score of 8.1.<a href="#_note-42" title="">[65]</a> On 26 January 2007, Wikipedia was also awarded the fourth highest brand ranking by the readers of <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.brandchannel.com/" title="http://www.brandchannel.com" class="external text">brandchannel.com</a>, receiving 15% of the votes in answer to the question "Which brand had the most impact on our lives in 2006?"<a href="#_note-43" title="">[66]</a> Founder Jimmy Wales was named one of the 100 most influential people in the world by <a href="/wiki/TIME_Magazine" title="TIME Magazine">TIME Magazine</a> in 2006.<a href="#_note-44" title="">[67]</a> In 2006, the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Wikipedia" title="Russian Wikipedia">Russian Wikipedia</a> won the "Science and education" category of the "<a href="/wiki/Runet_Prize" title="Runet Prize">Runet Prize</a>" (Russian: <a href="http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="ru:Премия_Рунета" class="extiw">Премия Рунета</a>) award, supervised<a href="#_note-45" title="">[68]</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Russia" title="Politics of Russia">Russian government</a> agency <a href="/wiki/FAPMC" title="FAPMC">FAPMC</a>.
<a name="In_the_media" id="In_the_media"></a>
<h2>In the media</h2>
<dl><dd>
<div class="noprint">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_in_popular_culture" title="Wikipedia in popular culture">Wikipedia in popular culture</a></div>
</dd></dl>
Wikipedia's content has been mirrored and forked by hundreds of sites including <a href="/wiki/Database_dump" title="Database dump">database dumps</a>. Its content has also been used in academic studies, books, conferences and court cases.<a href="#_note-46" title="">[69]</a><a href="#_note-47" title="">[70]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Canada" title="Parliament of Canada">Canadian Parliament</a> website refers to Wikipedia's article on <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a> in the "related links" section of its "further reading" list for <a href="/wiki/Civil_Marriage_Act" title="Civil Marriage Act">Civil Marriage Act</a>.<a href="#_note-48" title="">[71]</a> The encyclopedia's assertions are increasingly used as a source by organizations such as the U.S. Federal Courts and the World <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">Intellectual Property</a> Office<a href="#_note-WP_court_source" title="">[72]</a> — though mainly for supporting information rather than information decisive to a case.<a href="#_note-49" title="">[73]</a> Wikipedia has also been used as a source in <a href="/wiki/Journalism" title="Journalism">journalism</a>,<a href="#_note-50" title="">[74]</a> sometimes without attribution; several reporters have been dismissed for plagiarizing from Wikipedia.<a href="#_note-51" title="">[75]</a><a href="#_note-52" title="">[76]</a>
With increased usage and awareness, there have been an increasing number of references to Wikipedia in popular culture. Many parody Wikipedia's openness, with characters vandalizing or modifying the online encyclopedia project's articles. <a href="/wiki/Uncyclopedia" title="Uncyclopedia">Uncyclopedia</a> is the largest such website; its Main Page claims that it is the "content-free encyclopedia that <a href="/wiki/Anyone_can_edit" title="Anyone can edit">anyone can edit</a>,"<a href="#_note-53" title="">[77]</a> parodying the English Wikipedia's welcome message on its <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main+Page" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main+Page" class="external text">Main Page</a>.
In the episode "Wikiality" of <a href="/wiki/The_Colbert_Report" title="The Colbert Report">The Colbert Report</a>, host <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Colbert" title="Stephen Colbert">Stephen Colbert</a> has instigated his viewers to vandalize articles in humorous ways, once doing so on the Wikipedia article on <a href="/wiki/Elephant" title="Elephant">elephants</a>.<a href="#_note-54" title="">[78]</a> <a href="/wiki/%22Weird_Al%22_Yankovic" title=""Weird Al" Yankovic">"Weird Al" Yankovic</a>'s character in his video <a href="/wiki/White_%26_Nerdy" title="White & Nerdy">'White & Nerdy'</a> is seen vandalising the entry for the Atlantic <a href="/wiki/Record_label" title="Record label">record label</a> with the exclamation "You suck!," after they rescinded permission for a parody.<a href="#_note-55" title="">[79]</a>
In a recent episode of <a href="/wiki/American_Dad" title="American Dad">American Dad</a> (entitled <a href="/wiki/Black_Mystery_Month" title="Black Mystery Month">Black Mystery Month</a>), protagonists <a href="/wiki/Stan_Smith" title="Stan Smith">Stan Smith</a> and <a href="/wiki/Steve_Smith" title="Steve Smith">Steve Smith</a> fail to reveal to the world that <a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Carver" title="George Washington Carver">George Washington Carver</a> wasn't the person who invented <a href="/wiki/Peanut_butter" title="Peanut butter">peanut butter</a>, then create a Wikipedia page entitled "The Truth About Peanut Butter" to inform the world, citing that it is the one place you can put crazy information out with no evidence and still have millions of people believe it to be true.
In "<a href="/wiki/The_Negotiation_%28The_Office_episode%29" title="The Negotiation (The Office episode)">The Negotiation</a>" episode of <a href="/wiki/The_Office_%28US_TV_series%29" title="The Office (US TV series)">The Office</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Scott_%28The_Office%29" title="Michael Scott (The Office)">Michael</a> prints out a <a href="/wiki/Negotiation_%28process%29#Tactics" title="Negotiation (process)">list of negotiation tactics</a> and praises Wikipedia, calling it "the best thing ever." However, his comment that, "anyone anywhere in the world can edit it, so you know you're getting the best information possible," can be seen as sarcasm on the part of the show's writers.
<a name="Related_projects" id="Related_projects"></a>
<h2>Related projects</h2>
Wikipedia has spawned several sister projects. The first, "In Memoriam: September 11 Wiki",<a href="#_note-56" title="">[80]</a> created in October 2002,<a href="#_note-57" title="">[81]</a> detailed the <a href="/wiki/September_11%2C_2001_attacks" title="September 11, 2001 attacks">September 11, 2001 attacks</a>; this project was closed in October 2006.<a href="#_note-58" title="">[82]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary" title="Wiktionary">Wiktionary</a>, a dictionary project, was launched in December 2002;<a href="#_note-59" title="">[83]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wikiquote" title="Wikiquote">Wikiquote</a>, a collection of quotations, a week after Wikimedia launched, and <a href="/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks">Wikibooks</a>, a collection of collaboratively written free books, the next month. Wikimedia has since started a number of other projects.<a href="#_note-OurProjects" title="">[84]</a>
A similar non-wiki project, the <a href="/wiki/GNUpedia" title="GNUpedia">GNUpedia</a> project, co-existed with Nupedia early in its history; however, it has been retired and its creator, <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">free-software</a> figure <a href="/wiki/Richard_Stallman" title="Richard Stallman">Richard Stallman</a>, has lent his support to Wikipedia.<a href="#_note-60" title="">[85]</a>
Other websites centered around collaborative <a href="/wiki/Knowledge_base" title="Knowledge base">knowledge base</a> development have drawn inspiration from or inspired Wikipedia. Some, such as <a href="/wiki/Susning.nu" title="Susning.nu">Susning.nu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Libre" title="Enciclopedia Libre">Enciclopedia Libre</a>, and <a href="/wiki/WikiZnanie" title="WikiZnanie">WikiZnanie</a> likewise employ no formal review process, whereas others use more traditional <a href="/wiki/Peer_review" title="Peer review">peer review</a>, such as the expert-written <a href="/wiki/Stanford_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy">Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a>, <a href="/wiki/H2G2" title="H2G2">h2g2</a> and <a href="/wiki/Everything2" title="Everything2">Everything2</a>.
Another wiki project, the <a href="/wiki/Conservapedia" title="Conservapedia">Conservapedia</a>, is based on the Wikipedia software platform (<a href="/wiki/Mediawiki" title="Mediawiki">Mediawiki</a>), and it draws from the basic principles of the Wikipedia, but it is intended to address what is perceived and denounced as Wikipedia's liberal bias.
<a name="Fork_of_Citizendium" id="Fork_of_Citizendium"></a>
<h2>Fork of Citizendium</h2>
According to a statement made by Jimmy Wales, who is the current de-facto leader of Wikipedia,<a href="#_note-defactoleader" title="">[86]</a> "We welcome a diversity of efforts," he said when he was referring to the <a href="/wiki/Citizendium" title="Citizendium">Citizendium</a> project in an interview. "If Larry's project is able to produce good work, we will benefit from it by copying it back into Wikipedia."<a href="#_note-JayLyman" title="">[87]</a>
<a name="See_also" id="See_also"></a>
<h2>See also</h2>
<div class="infobox sisterproject">
<div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/Image:Metawiki.png" title="" class="image"><img width="50" height="56" longdesc="/wiki/Image:Metawiki.png" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Metawiki.png/50px-Metawiki.png" alt="" /></a></div>
<div style="margin-left: 60px;"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Meta" title="Wikipedia:Meta">Meta</a> has a page about this at:
<div style="margin-left: 10px;"><a href="http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias" title="meta:List_of_Wikipedias" class="extiw">List of Wikipedias</a></div>
</div>
</div>
<ul>
<li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_staffer_edits_to_Wikipedia" title="Congressional staffer edits to Wikipedia">Congressional staffer edits to Wikipedia</a> </li>
<li><a href="/wiki/List_of_encyclopedias" title="List of encyclopedias">List of encyclopedias</a> </li>
<li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias" title="List of Wikipedias">List of Wikipedias</a> </li>
<li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wikis" title="List of wikis">List of wikis</a> </li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Open_content" title="Open content">Open content</a> </li>
<li><a href="/wiki/User-generated_content" title="User-generated content">User-generated content</a> </li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_community" title="Wikipedia community">Wikipedia community</a> </li>
</ul>
<a name="References" id="References"></a>
<h2>References</h2>
<div style="-moz-column-count: 2;" class="references-small">
<ol class="references">
<li id="_note-ListOfWikipedias">^ <a href="#_ref-ListOfWikipedias_0" title="">a</a> <a href="#_ref-ListOfWikipedias_1" title="">b</a> <a href="#_ref-ListOfWikipedias_2" title="">c</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Wikipedias&oldid=517497" title="http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Wikipedias&oldid=517497" class="external text">List of Wikipedias</a>. <a href="/wiki/Meta-Wiki" title="Meta-Wiki">Meta-Wiki</a> (2007-01-24). Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_31" title="January 31">01-31</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-foundercontroversy">^ <a href="#_ref-foundercontroversy_0" title="">a</a> <a href="#_ref-foundercontroversy_1" title="">b</a> There is some controversy over who founded Wikipedia. Wikipedia's official <a rel="nofollow" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20011024225012/www.wikipedia.com/wiki/Wikipedia" title="http://web.archive.org/web/20011024225012/www.wikipedia.com/wiki/Wikipedia" class="external text">personnel page from September 2001</a> states that Wales and Sanger were the two co-founders, and that there was no editor-in-chief. Wales considers himself to be the sole founder of Wikipedia and has told the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Globe" title="Boston Globe">Boston Globe</a> that "it's preposterous" to call Sanger the co-founder. However, Sanger strongly contests that description. He was identified as a co-founder of Wikipedia at least as early as September 2001 and referred to himself that way as early as January 2002.
<ul>
<li>Jonathan Sidener. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html" title="http://www.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20041206/news_mz1b6encyclo.html" class="external text">Everyone's Encyclopedia</a>", San Diego Union Tribune. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>-<a href="/wiki/October_15" title="October 15">10-15</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.au=Jonathan+Sidener&rft.title=Everyone%27s+Encyclopedia&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.signonsandiego.com%2Funiontrib%2F20041206%2Fnews_mz1b6encyclo.html&rft.publisher=San+Diego+Union+Tribune" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li>Peter Meyers. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fC%2fComputer%20Software" title="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63&n=Top%2fReference%2fTimes%20Topics%2fSubjects%2fC%2fComputer%20Software" class="external text">Fact-Driven? Collegial? This Site Wants You</a>", <a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" title="New York Times">New York Times</a>, 2001-09-20. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>-<a href="/wiki/October_15" title="October 15">10-15</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.au=Peter+Meyers&rft.title=Fact-Driven%3F+Collegial%3F+This+Site+Wants+You&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9800E5D6123BF933A1575AC0A9679C8B63%26n%3DTop%252fReference%252fTimes%2520Topics%252fSubjects%252fC%252fComputer%2520Software&rft.publisher=%5B%5BNew+York+Times%5D%5D&rft.date=2001-09-20" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Sanger" title="Larry Sanger">Sanger, Larry</a>. <a rel="nofollow" href="http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_and_why_it_matters&oldid=149626" title="http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_and_why_it_matters&oldid=149626" class="external text">What Wikipedia is and why it matters</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>-<a href="/wiki/April_12" title="April 12">04-12</a>. </li>
</ul>
</li>
<li id="_note-Dan_Mitchell"><a href="#_ref-Dan_Mitchell_0" title="">^</a> Mitchell, Dan. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/24/technology/24online.ready.html?ex=1293080400&en=431aff478b00239e&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss" title="http://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/24/technology/24online.ready.html?ex=1293080400&en=431aff478b00239e&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland&emc=rss" class="external text">Insider Editing at Wikipedia</a>", <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, December 24, 2005. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/April_14" title="April 14">04-14</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.title=Insider+Editing+at+Wikipedia&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F12%2F24%2Ftechnology%2F24online.ready.html%3Fex%3D1293080400%26en%3D431aff478b00239e%26ei%3D5090%26partner%3Drssuserland%26emc%3Drss&rft.publisher=%5B%5BThe+New+York+Times%5D%5D&rft.date=December+24%2C+2005" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-David_Mehegan"><a href="#_ref-David_Mehegan_0" title="">^</a> Meghan, David. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.boston.com/business/technology/articles/2006/02/12/bias_sabotage_haunt_wikipedias_free_world/?page=4" title="http://www.boston.com/business/technology/articles/2006/02/12/bias_sabotage_haunt_wikipedias_free_world/?page=4" class="external text">Bias, sabotage haunt Wikipedia's free world</a>", Business, <a href="/wiki/The_Boston_Globe" title="The Boston Globe">The Boston Globe</a>, February 12, 2006. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/April_14" title="April 14">04-14</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.aufirst=David&rft.aulast=Meghan&rft.title=Bias%2C+sabotage+haunt+Wikipedia%27s+free+world&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fbusiness%2Ftechnology%2Farticles%2F2006%2F02%2F12%2Fbias_sabotage_haunt_wikipedias_free_world%2F%3Fpage%3D4&rft.source=Business&rft.publisher=%5B%5BThe+Boston+Globe%5D%5D&rft.date=February+12%2C+2006" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-Brian_Bergstein"><a href="#_ref-Brian_Bergstein_0" title="">^</a> Bergstein, Brian. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory?id=2980046" title="http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory?id=2980046" class="external text">Sanger says he co-started Wikipedia</a>", <a href="/wiki/ABC_News" title="ABC News">ABC News</a>, <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>, March 25, 2007. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/April_14" title="April 14">04-14</a>. “The nascent Web encyclopedia Citizendium springs from Larry Sanger, a philosophy Ph.D. who counts himself as a co-founder of Wikipedia, the site he now hopes to usurp. The claim doesn't seem particularly controversial - Sanger has long been cited as a co-founder. Yet the other founder, Jimmy Wales, isn't happy about it.”<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.aulast=Bergstein&rft.title=Sanger+says+he+co-started+Wikipedia&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FTechnology%2FwireStory%3Fid%3D2980046&rft.source=%5B%5BABC+News%5D%5D&rft.publisher=%5B%5BAssociated+Press%5D%5D&rft.date=March+25%2C+2007" class="Z3988">  — Brian Bergstein. </li>
<li id="_note-The_Hive"><a href="#_ref-The_Hive_0" title="">^</a> Poe, Marshall. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/" title="http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200609/wikipedia/" class="external text">The Hive</a>", <a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic_Monthly" title="The Atlantic Monthly">The Atlantic</a>, September, 2006. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/April_14" title="April 14">04-14</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.aufirst=Marshall&rft.aulast=Poe&rft.title=The+Hive&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fdoc%2F200609%2Fwikipedia%2F&rft.publisher=%5B%5BThe+Atlantic+Monthly%7CThe+Atlantic%5D%5D&rft.date=September%2C+2006" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-AlexaStats">^ <a href="#_ref-AlexaStats_0" title="">a</a> <a href="#_ref-AlexaStats_1" title="">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.alexa.com/data/details/traffic_details?&range=5y&size=large&y=t&url=wikipedia.org" title="http://www.alexa.com/data/details/traffic_details?&range=5y&size=large&y=t&url=wikipedia.org" class="external text">Five-year traffic statistics for wikipedia.org</a>. <a href="/wiki/Alexa_Internet" title="Alexa Internet">Alexa Internet</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">01-29</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-0"><a href="#_ref-0" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.alexa.com/data/details/traffic_details?&range=3%C2%A0m&size=large&y=t&url=wikipedia.org" title="http://www.alexa.com/data/details/traffic_details?&range=3 m&size=large&y=t&url=wikipedia.org" class="external text">Three-month traffic statistics for wikipedia.org</a>. <a href="/wiki/Alexa_Internet" title="Alexa Internet">Alexa Internet</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">01-29</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-Who">^ <a href="#_ref-Who_0" title="">a</a> <a href="#_ref-Who_1" title="">b</a> Simon Waldman (2004-10-26). <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/online/news/0,12597,1335892,00.html" title="http://www.guardian.co.uk/online/news/0,12597,1335892,00.html" class="external text">Who knows?</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/February_11" title="February 11">02-11</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-DeathByWikipedia">^ <a href="#_ref-DeathByWikipedia_0" title="">a</a> <a href="#_ref-DeathByWikipedia_1" title="">b</a> Ahrens, Frank (2006-07-09). <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/08/AR2006070800135.html" title="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/08/AR2006070800135.html" class="external text">Death by Wikipedia: The Kenneth Lay Chronicles</a>. The Washington Post. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>-<a href="/wiki/November_1" title="November 1">11-01</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-SangerElitism">^ <a href="#_ref-SangerElitism_0" title="">a</a> <a href="#_ref-SangerElitism_1" title="">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Larry_Sanger" title="Larry Sanger">Larry Sanger</a>, "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2004/12/30/142458/25" title="http://www.kuro5hin.org/story/2004/12/30/142458/25" class="external text">Why Wikipedia Must Jettison Its Anti-Elitism</a>", <a href="/wiki/Kuro5hin" title="Kuro5hin">Kuro5hin</a>, <a href="/wiki/December_31" title="December 31">December 31</a>, <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-AcademiaAndWikipedia">^ <a href="#_ref-AcademiaAndWikipedia_0" title="">a</a> <a href="#_ref-AcademiaAndWikipedia_1" title="">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Danah_Boyd" title="Danah Boyd">Danah Boyd</a> (2005-01-04). <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.corante.com/many/archives/2005/01/04/academia_and_wikipedia.php" title="http://www.corante.com/many/archives/2005/01/04/academia_and_wikipedia.php" class="external text">Academia and Wikipedia</a>. <a href="/wiki/Many-to-many" title="Many-to-many">Many-to-Many</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/February_11" title="February 11">02-11</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-PoliciesAndGuidelines">^ <a href="#_ref-PoliciesAndGuidelines_0" title="">a</a> <a href="#_ref-PoliciesAndGuidelines_1" title="">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies_and_guidelines" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_policies_and_guidelines" class="external text">List of policies and guidelines</a>. English Wikipedia. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_31" title="January 31">01-31</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-1"><a href="#_ref-1" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject" class="external text">Wikipedia:WikiProject</a>. <a href="/wiki/English_Wikipedia" title="English Wikipedia">English Wikipedia</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">01-29</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-MIT_IBM_study">^ <a href="#_ref-MIT_IBM_study_0" title="">a</a> <a href="#_ref-MIT_IBM_study_1" title="">b</a> <a href="#_ref-MIT_IBM_study_2" title="">c</a> . "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://alumni.media.mit.edu/~fviegas/papers/history_flow.pdf" title="http://alumni.media.mit.edu/~fviegas/papers/history_flow.pdf" class="external text">Studying Cooperation and Conflict between Authors with History Flow Visualizations</a>" (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>). Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_24" title="January 24">01-24</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-Rosenzweig_2006">^ <a href="#_ref-Rosenzweig_2006_0" title="">a</a> <a href="#_ref-Rosenzweig_2006_1" title="">b</a> <a href="#_ref-Rosenzweig_2006_2" title="">c</a> <cite style="font-style: normal;">Rosenzweig, Roy (2006). "Can History be Open Source? Wikipedia and the Future of the Past". The Journal of American History 93: 117–146.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Can+History+be+Open+Source%3F+Wikipedia+and+the+Future+of+the+Past&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+American+History&rft.date=2006&rft.volume=93&rft.aulast=Rosenzweig&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft.pages=117%E2%80%93146" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-2"><a href="#_ref-2" title="">^</a> Paragraph's statistics taken from "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wikistats/EN/TablesWikipediansEditsGt5.htm" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wikistats/EN/TablesWikipediansEditsGt5.htm" class="external text">Active wikipedians</a>" (Wikipedia Statistics, <a href="/wiki/April_13" title="April 13">April 13</a>, <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>). </li>
<li id="_note-3"><a href="#_ref-3" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:User_access_levels&oldid=100160162" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:User_access_levels&oldid=100160162" class="external text">Wikipedia:User access levels</a>", Wikipedia (<a href="/wiki/January_12" title="January 12">January 12</a>, <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>) </li>
<li id="_note-4"><a href="#_ref-4" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Administrators&oldid=102666051" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Administrators&oldid=102666051" class="external text">Wikipedia:Administrators</a>", Wikipedia (<a href="/wiki/January_23" title="January 23">January 23</a>, <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>) </li>
<li id="_note-5"><a href="#_ref-5" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Budget/2005" title="http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Budget/2005" class="external text">Budget/2005</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>-<a href="/wiki/March_11" title="March 11">03-11</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-6"><a href="#_ref-6" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Fundraising" title="http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Fundraising" class="external text">Fundraising</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a> </li>
<li id="_note-7"><a href="#_ref-7" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://wikimediafoundation.org/w/index.php?title=Fundraising_report&oldid=19190" title="http://wikimediafoundation.org/w/index.php?title=Fundraising_report&oldid=19190" class="external text">Fundraising report</a>", <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a> (<a href="/wiki/January_21" title="January 21">January 21</a>, <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>) </li>
<li id="_note-8"><a href="#_ref-8" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://hemlock.knams.wikimedia.org/~leon/stats/reqstats/reqstats-monthly.png" title="http://hemlock.knams.wikimedia.org/~leon/stats/reqstats/reqstats-monthly.png" class="external text">Monthly request statistics</a>", Wikimedia. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/February_3" title="February 3">02-03</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-9"><a href="#_ref-9" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_servers" title="http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_servers" class="external text">Wikimedia servers at wikimedia.org</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/February_6" title="February 6">02-06</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-10"><a href="#_ref-10" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" title="http://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="external text">Main Page</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Wikipedia" title="Hebrew Wikipedia">Hebrew Wikipedia</a> </li>
<li id="_note-11"><a href="#_ref-11" title="">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Wales" title="Jimmy Wales">Jimmy Wales</a>, "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2005-March/020469.html" title="http://lists.wikimedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2005-March/020469.html" class="external text">Wikipedia is an encyclopedia</a>", March 8 2005, <wikipedia-l@wikimedia.org> </li>
<li id="_note-12"><a href="#_ref-12" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Spelling" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Spelling" class="external text">Wikipedia:Manual of Style (spelling)</a> </li>
<li id="_note-13"><a href="#_ref-13" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias" class="external free">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Countering_systemic_bias</a> </li>
<li id="_note-14"><a href="#_ref-14" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fair_use" title="http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fair_use" class="external free">http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fair_use</a> and <a rel="nofollow" href="http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Images_on_Wikipedia" title="http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Images_on_Wikipedia" class="external free">http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Images_on_Wikipedia</a> </li>
<li id="_note-15"><a href="#_ref-15" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Translations" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Translations" class="external text">Wikipedia: Translation</a>. English Wikipedia, accessed on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/February_3" title="February 3">02-03</a> </li>
<li id="_note-16"><a href="#_ref-16" title="">^</a> For example, "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation_into_English" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation_into_English" class="external text">Translation into English</a>", Wikipedia. (March 9, 2005) </li>
<li id="_note-WP_RS">^ <a href="#_ref-WP_RS_0" title="">a</a> <a href="#_ref-WP_RS_1" title="">b</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" class="external text">Wikipedia:Reliable sources</a>", <a href="/wiki/English_Wikipedia" title="English Wikipedia">English Wikipedia</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_27" title="January 27">01-27</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-17"><a href="#_ref-17" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Username" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Username" class="external text">Wikipedia:Username</a>", English Wikipedia. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">01-29</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-18"><a href="#_ref-18" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Privacy" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Privacy" class="external text">Wikipedia:Privacy</a>", English Wikipedia. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">01-29</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-NPOV"><a href="#_ref-NPOV_0" title="">^</a> </li>
<li id="_note-19"><a href="#_ref-19" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Assessment" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Version_1.0_Editorial_Team/Assessment" class="external text">Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team/Assessment</a>", Wikipedia. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_27" title="January 27">01-27</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-20"><a href="#_ref-20" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_article_criteria" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_article_criteria" class="external text">Featured article criteria</a>", Wikipedia. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_27" title="January 27">01-27</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-21"><a href="#_ref-21" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/4530930.stm" title="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/4530930.stm" class="external text">Wikipedia survives research test</a>", <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/December_15" title="December 15">December 15</a>, <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.title=Wikipedia+survives+research+test&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Ftechnology%2F4530930.stm&rft.source=%5B%5BBBC+News%5D%5D&rft.publisher=%5B%5BBBC%5D%5D&rft.date=%5B%5BDecember+15%5D%5D%2C+%5B%5B2005%5D%5D" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-22"><a href="#_ref-22" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.nature.com/news/2005/051212/full/438900a.html" title="http://www.nature.com/news/2005/051212/full/438900a.html" class="external text">Internet encyclopaedias go head to head</a>", <a href="/wiki/Nature_%28journal%29" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a>, <a href="/wiki/December_14" title="December 14">14 December</a> <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a> </li>
<li id="_note-23"><a href="#_ref-23" title="">^</a> Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. (March 22, 2006). "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://corporate.britannica.com/britannica_nature_response.pdf" title="http://corporate.britannica.com/britannica_nature_response.pdf" class="external text">Fatally Flawed: Refuting the recent study on encyclopedic accuracy by the journal Nature</a>" (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>). </li>
<li id="_note-24"><a href="#_ref-24" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.nature.com/nature/britannica/index.html" title="http://www.nature.com/nature/britannica/index.html" class="external text">Nature's responses to Encyclopaedia Britannica</a>", <a href="/wiki/Nature_%28journal%29" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a> (<a href="/wiki/March_30" title="March 30">March 30</a>, <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>). Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/February_1" title="February 1">02-01</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-25"><a href="#_ref-25" title="">^</a> Andrea Ciffolilli, "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue8_12/ciffolilli/index.html" title="http://firstmonday.org/issues/issue8_12/ciffolilli/index.html" class="external text">Phantom authority, self-selective recruitment and retention of members in virtual communities: The case of Wikipedia</a>", <a href="/wiki/First_Monday_%28journal%29" title="First Monday (journal)">First Monday</a> December 2003. </li>
<li id="_note-26"><a href="#_ref-26" title="">^</a> Child, Maxwell L.,<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=517305" title="http://www.thecrimson.com/article.aspx?ref=517305" class="external text">"Professors Split on Wiki Debate"</a>, The Harvard Crimson, Monday, February 26, 2007. </li>
<li id="_note-27"><a href="#_ref-27" title="">^</a> Stacy Schiff. "Know It All", The New Yorker, <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>-<a href="/wiki/July_31" title="July 31">07-31</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.au=Stacy+Schiff&rft.title=Know+It+All&rft.source=The+New+Yorker&rft.date=%5B%5B2006-07-31%5D%5D" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-McHenry_2004"><a href="#_ref-McHenry_2004_0" title="">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Robert_McHenry" title="Robert McHenry">Robert McHenry</a>, "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.techcentralstation.com/111504A.html" title="http://www.techcentralstation.com/111504A.html" class="external text">The Faith-Based Encyclopedia</a>", <a href="/wiki/Tech_Central_Station" title="Tech Central Station">Tech Central Station</a>, <a href="/wiki/November_15" title="November 15">November 15</a>, <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-WideWorldOfWikipedia"><a href="#_ref-WideWorldOfWikipedia_0" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.emorywheel.com/media/storage/paper919/news/2006/04/21/News/Wide-World.Of.Wikipedia-1865022.shtml" title="http://www.emorywheel.com/media/storage/paper919/news/2006/04/21/News/Wide-World.Of.Wikipedia-1865022.shtml" class="external text">Wide World of WIKIPEDIA</a>. The Emory Wheel (<a href="/wiki/April_21" title="April 21">April 21</a>, <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>). Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_25" title="January 25">01-25</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-28"><a href="#_ref-28" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2007/01/26/wiki" title="http://www.insidehighered.com/news/2007/01/26/wiki" class="external text">A Stand Against Wikipedia</a>", Inside Higher Ed (<a href="/wiki/January_26" title="January 26">January 26</a>, <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>). Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/January_27" title="January 27">January 27</a>, <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-AWorkInProgress"><a href="#_ref-AWorkInProgress_0" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/dec2005/tc20051214_441708.htm" title="http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/dec2005/tc20051214_441708.htm" class="external text">Wikipedia: "A Work in Progress"</a>, <a href="/wiki/BusinessWeek" title="BusinessWeek">BusinessWeek</a> (<a href="/wiki/December_14" title="December 14">December 14</a>, <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>). Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">01-29</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-29"><a href="#_ref-29" title="">^</a> Thompson, Bill. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/4534712.stm" title="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/4534712.stm" class="external text">What is it with Wikipedia?</a>", <a href="/wiki/British_Broadcasting_Company" title="British Broadcasting Company">BBC</a>, <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>-<a href="/wiki/December_16" title="December 16">12-16</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.title=What+is+it+with+Wikipedia%3F&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Ftechnology%2F4534712.stm&rft.publisher=%5B%5BBritish+Broadcasting+Company%7CBBC%5D%5D&rft.date=%5B%5B2005-12-16%5D%5D" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-WikipediaWatch"><a href="#_ref-WikipediaWatch_0" title="">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Public_Information_Research" title="Public Information Research">Public Information Research</a> - Wikipedia Watch. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_28" title="January 28">01-28</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-30"><a href="#_ref-30" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.citizendium.org/essay.html" title="http://www.citizendium.org/essay.html" class="external text">Toward a New Compendium of Knowledge (longer version)</a>. Citizendium.org. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>-<a href="/wiki/October_10" title="October 10">10-10</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-31"><a href="#_ref-31" title="">^</a> Seigenthaler, John. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/editorials/2005-11-29-wikipedia-edit_x.htm" title="http://www.usatoday.com/news/opinion/editorials/2005-11-29-wikipedia-edit_x.htm" class="external text">A False Wikipedia 'biography'</a>", USA Today, <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>-<a href="/wiki/November_29" title="November 29">11-29</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.aufirst=John&rft.aulast=Seigenthaler&rft.title=A+False+Wikipedia+%27biography%27&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Fopinion%2Feditorials%2F2005-11-29-wikipedia-edit_x.htm&rft.publisher=USA+Today&rft.date=%5B%5B2005-11-29%5D%5D" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-32"><a href="#_ref-32" title="">^</a> Arthur, Charles. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://technology.guardian.co.uk/opinion/story/0,16541,1667346,00.html" title="http://technology.guardian.co.uk/opinion/story/0,16541,1667346,00.html" class="external text">Log on and join in, but beware the web cults</a>", <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>, <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>-<a href="/wiki/December_15" title="December 15">12-15</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.aulast=Arthur&rft.title=Log+on+and+join+in%2C+but+beware+the+web+cults&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Ftechnology.guardian.co.uk%2Fopinion%2Fstory%2F0%2C16541%2C1667346%2C00.html&rft.publisher=%5B%5BThe+Guardian%5D%5D&rft.date=%5B%5B2005-12-15%5D%5D" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-33"><a href="#_ref-33" title="">^</a> Lu Stout, Kristie. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/internet/08/03/wikipedia/index.html" title="http://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/internet/08/03/wikipedia/index.html" class="external text">Wikipedia: The know-it-all Web site</a>", <a href="/wiki/Cable_News_Network" title="Cable News Network">CNN</a>, <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a>-<a href="/wiki/August_4" title="August 4">08-04</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.aufirst=Kristie&rft.aulast=Lu+Stout&rft.title=Wikipedia%3A+The+know-it-all+Web+site&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2003%2FTECH%2Finternet%2F08%2F03%2Fwikipedia%2Findex.html&rft.publisher=%5B%5BCable+News+Network%7CCNN%5D%5D&rft.date=%5B%5B2003-08-04%5D%5D" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-34"><a href="#_ref-34" title="">^</a> "<a href="/wiki/Wikinfo" title="Wikinfo">Wikinfo</a> (<a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>-<a href="/wiki/March_30" title="March 30">03-30</a>). <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.wikinfo.org/wiki.php?title=Critical_views_of_Wikipedia" title="http://www.wikinfo.org/wiki.php?title=Critical_views_of_Wikipedia" class="external text">Critical views of Wikipedia</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">01-29</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-35"><a href="#_ref-35" title="">^</a> Kane, Margaret (2006-01-30). <a rel="nofollow" href="http://news.com.com/2061-11199_3-6032713.html" title="http://news.com.com/2061-11199_3-6032713.html" class="external text">Politicians notice Wikipedia</a>. <a href="/wiki/CNET" title="CNET">CNET</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_28" title="January 28">01-28</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-36"><a href="#_ref-36" title="">^</a> Bergstein, Brian (<a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_23" title="January 23">01-23</a>). <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/16775981/" title="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/16775981/" class="external text">Microsoft offers cash for Wikipedia edit</a>. <a href="/wiki/MSNBC" title="MSNBC">MSNBC</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/February_1" title="February 1">02-01</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-37"><a href="#_ref-37" title="">^</a> Caroline McCarthy. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://news.com.com/2061-10802_3-6100754.html" title="http://news.com.com/2061-10802_3-6100754.html" class="external text">Colbert speaks, America follows: All Hail Wikiality!</a>", c-net news.com, 2006-08-01.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.au=Caroline+McCarthy&rft.title=Colbert+speaks%2C+America+follows%3A+All+Hail+Wikiality%21&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.com.com%2F2061-10802_3-6100754.html&rft.publisher=c-net+news.com&rft.date=2006-08-01" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-38"><a href="#_ref-38" title="">^</a> Williams, Walt (2007-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/articles/2006/02/09/news/wikipedia.txt" title="http://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/articles/2006/02/09/news/wikipedia.txt" class="external text">Burns' office may have tampered with Wikipedia entry</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bozeman_Daily_Chronicle" title="Bozeman Daily Chronicle">Bozeman Daily Chronicle</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/February_13" title="February 13">02-13</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-39"><a href="#_ref-39" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject" class="external text">Wikipedia:WikiProject</a>", <a href="/wiki/English_Wikipedia" title="English Wikipedia">English Wikipedia</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">01-29</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-Torsten_Kleinz"><a href="#_ref-Torsten_Kleinz_0" title="">^</a> Kleinz, Torsten. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.linux-magazine.com/issue/51/Wikipedia_Encyclopedia.pdf" title="http://www.linux-magazine.com/issue/51/Wikipedia_Encyclopedia.pdf" class="external text">World of Knowledge</a>", The Wikipedia Project, <a href="/wiki/Linux_Magazine" title="Linux Magazine">Linux Magazine</a>, February, 2005. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/May_12" title="May 12">05-12</a>. “The Wikipedia's open structure makes it a target for trolls and vandals who malevolently add incorrect information to articles, get other people tied up in endless discussions, and generally do everything to draw attention to themselves.”<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.aufirst=Torsten&rft.aulast=Kleinz&rft.title=World+of+Knowledge&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.linux-magazine.com%2Fissue%2F51%2FWikipedia_Encyclopedia.pdf&rft.source=The+Wikipedia+Project&rft.publisher=%5B%5BLinux+Magazine%5D%5D&rft.date=February%2C+2005" class="Z3988">  — Torsten Kleinz. </li>
<li id="_note-Left_in_Control_of_Wikipedia"><a href="#_ref-Left_in_Control_of_Wikipedia_0" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2007/5/13/212015.shtml?s=lh" title="http://www.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2007/5/13/212015.shtml?s=lh" class="external text">Left in Control of Wikipedia</a>", <a href="/wiki/NewsMax" title="NewsMax">NewsMax</a>, May 14, 2007. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/May_17" title="May 17">05-17</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.title=Left+in+Control+of+Wikipedia&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsmax.com%2Farchives%2Farticles%2F2007%2F5%2F13%2F212015.shtml%3Fs%3Dlh&rft.publisher=%5B%5BNewsMax%5D%5D&rft.date=May+14%2C+2007" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-40"><a href="#_ref-40" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Trophy_box" title="http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Trophy_box" class="external text">Trophy Box</a>", <a href="/wiki/Meta-Wiki" title="Meta-Wiki">Meta-Wiki</a> (<a href="/wiki/March_28" title="March 28">March 28</a>, <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>). </li>
<li id="_note-41"><a href="#_ref-41" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.webbyawards.com/webbys/winners-2004.php" title="http://www.webbyawards.com/webbys/winners-2004.php" class="external text">Webby Awards 2004</a>" </li>
<li id="_note-42"><a href="#_ref-42" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.multiscope.nl/organisatie/nieuws/sberichten/nederlandse-wikipedia-groeit-als-kool.html" title="http://www.multiscope.nl/organisatie/nieuws/sberichten/nederlandse-wikipedia-groeit-als-kool.html" class="external text">Nederlandse Wikipedia groeit als kool</a> (Website in Dutch Language), Recovered <a href="/wiki/December_27" title="December 27">December 27</a>, <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> </li>
<li id="_note-43"><a href="#_ref-43" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.brandchannel.com/features_effect.asp?pf_id=352" title="http://www.brandchannel.com/features_effect.asp?pf_id=352" class="external text">Similar Search Results: Google Wins</a>", <a href="/wiki/Interbrand" title="Interbrand">Interbrand</a> (<a href="/wiki/January_29" title="January 29">January 29</a>, <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>). Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_28" title="January 28">01-28</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-44"><a href="#_ref-44" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1187286,00.html" title="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1187286,00.html" class="external text">Jimmy Wales in Time 100</a>", <a href="/wiki/TIME" title="TIME">TIME</a>, 08:58 <a href="/wiki/December_18" title="December 18">December 18</a>, <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-45"><a href="#_ref-45" title="">^</a> (Russian)<a rel="nofollow" href="http://lenta.ru/news/2005/08/29/premia/" title="http://lenta.ru/news/2005/08/29/premia/" class="external text">Major award of Russian Internet became a state one</a> — <a href="/wiki/Lenta.ru" title="Lenta.ru">Lenta.ru</a>, August 29 2005 </li>
<li id="_note-46"><a href="#_ref-46" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_in_the_media" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikipedia_in_the_media" class="external text">Wikipedia:Wikipedia in the media</a>", Wikipedia </li>
<li id="_note-47"><a href="#_ref-47" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf" title="http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200216886.pdf" class="external text">Bourgeois et al v. Peters et al.</a> (PDF). Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/February_6" title="February 6">02-06</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-48"><a href="#_ref-48" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.parl.gc.ca/LEGISINFO/index.asp?Lang=E&Chamber=C&StartList=2&EndList=200&Session=13&Type=0&Scope=I&query=4381&List=toc" title="http://www.parl.gc.ca/LEGISINFO/index.asp?Lang=E&Chamber=C&StartList=2&EndList=200&Session=13&Type=0&Scope=I&query=4381&List=toc" class="external text">C-38</a>", LEGISINFO (<a href="/wiki/March_28" title="March 28">March 28</a>, <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>) </li>
<li id="_note-WP_court_source"><a href="#_ref-WP_court_source_0" title="">^</a> <cite style="font-style: normal;">Arias, Martha L. (29 January 2007). "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.ibls.com/internet_law_news_portal_view.aspx?s=latestnews&id=1668" title="http://www.ibls.com/internet_law_news_portal_view.aspx?s=latestnews&id=1668" class="external text">Wikipedia: The Free Online Encyclopedia and its Use as Court Source</a>". Internet Business Law Services.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibls.com%2Finternet_law_news_portal_view.aspx%3Fs%3Dlatestnews%26id%3D1668+Wikipedia%3A+The+Free+Online+Encyclopedia+and+its+Use+as+Court+Source%5D&rft.jtitle=Internet+Business+Law+Services&rft.date=29+January+2007&rft.aulast=Arias&rft.aufirst=Martha+L." class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-49"><a href="#_ref-49" title="">^</a> Cohen, Noam. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/29/technology/29wikipedia.html?ref=technology" title="http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/29/technology/29wikipedia.html?ref=technology" class="external text">Courts Turn to Wikipedia, but Selectively</a>", 29 January 2007.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.aufirst=Noam&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.title=%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F01%2F29%2Ftechnology%2F29wikipedia.html%3Fref%3Dtechnology+Courts+Turn+to+Wikipedia%2C+but+Selectively%5D&rft.date=29+January+2007" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-50"><a href="#_ref-50" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/europe/09/08/russia.basayev/" title="http://edition.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/europe/09/08/russia.basayev/" class="external text">Basayev: Russia's most wanted man</a>", <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a>, <a href="/wiki/September_8" title="September 8">8 September</a> <a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-51"><a href="#_ref-51" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.mysanantonio.com/news/metro/stories/MYSA010307.02A.richter.132c153.html" title="http://www.mysanantonio.com/news/metro/stories/MYSA010307.02A.richter.132c153.html" class="external text">Express-News staffer resigns after plagiarism in column is discovered</a>", <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio_Express-News" title="San Antonio Express-News">San Antonio Express-News</a>, <a href="/wiki/January_9" title="January 9">9 January</a> <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-52"><a href="#_ref-52" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://starbulletin.com/2006/01/13/news/story03.html" title="http://starbulletin.com/2006/01/13/news/story03.html" class="external text">Inquiry prompts reporter's dismissal</a>", [Honolulu Star-Bulletin]], <a href="/wiki/January_13" title="January 13">13 January</a> <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-53"><a href="#_ref-53" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://uncyclopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&oldid=1497858" title="http://uncyclopedia.org/index.php?title=Main_Page&oldid=1497858" class="external text">Main Page</a>", uncyclopedia.org (as of <a href="/wiki/January_26" title="January 26">January 26</a>, <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>). Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_28" title="January 28">01-28</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-54"><a href="#_ref-54" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://spring.newsvine.com/_news/2006/08/01/307864-stephen-colbert-causes-chaos-on-wikipedia-gets-blocked-from-site" title="http://spring.newsvine.com/_news/2006/08/01/307864-stephen-colbert-causes-chaos-on-wikipedia-gets-blocked-from-site" class="external text">Colbert Causes Chaos on Wikipedia</a>", <a href="/wiki/Newsvine" title="Newsvine">Newsvine</a>, <a href="/wiki/August_1" title="August 1">August 1</a>, <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>-<a href="/wiki/September_28" title="September 28">09-28</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.title=Colbert+Causes+Chaos+on+Wikipedia&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fspring.newsvine.com%2F_news%2F2006%2F08%2F01%2F307864-stephen-colbert-causes-chaos-on-wikipedia-gets-blocked-from-site&rft.publisher=%5B%5BNewsvine%5D%5D&rft.date=%5B%5BAugust+1%5D%5D+%5B%5B2006%5D%5D" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-55"><a href="#_ref-55" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,20523843-5006024,00.html" title="http://www.news.com.au/heraldsun/story/0,21985,20523843-5006024,00.html" class="external text">Weird Al Yankovic</a>," <a href="/wiki/Herald_Sun" title="Herald Sun">Herald Sun</a>, <a href="/wiki/October_5" title="October 5">October 5</a>, <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_25" title="January 25">01-25</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-56"><a href="#_ref-56" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://sep11memories.org/" title="http://sep11memories.org/" class="external text">sep11memories.org/</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/February_6" title="February 6">02-06</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-57"><a href="#_ref-57" title="">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" href="http://sep11memories.org/index.php?title=In_Memoriam&oldid=1502" title="http://sep11memories.org/index.php?title=In_Memoriam&oldid=1502" class="external text">First edit to the wiki</a> In Memoriam: September 11 wiki (<a href="/wiki/October_28" title="October 28">October 28</a>, <a href="/wiki/2002" title="2002">2002</a>) </li>
<li id="_note-58"><a href="#_ref-58" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://sep11memories.org/index.php?title=In_Memoriam&oldid=11355" title="http://sep11memories.org/index.php?title=In_Memoriam&oldid=11355" class="external text">In Memoriam</a>",In Memoriam: September 11 Wiki (<a href="/wiki/October_31" title="October 31">October 31</a>, <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>) </li>
<li id="_note-59"><a href="#_ref-59" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_News&diff=prev&oldid=4133" title="http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_News&diff=prev&oldid=4133" class="external text">Announcement of Wiktionary's creation</a>", <a href="/wiki/December_12" title="December 12">December 12</a>, <a href="/wiki/2002" title="2002">2002</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/February_2" title="February 2">02-02</a>. </li>
<li id="_note-OurProjects"><a href="#_ref-OurProjects_0" title="">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Our_projects" title="http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/Our_projects" class="external text">Our projects</a>", <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a>. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/January_24" title="January 24">01-24</a> </li>
<li id="_note-60"><a href="#_ref-60" title="">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Richard_Stallman" title="Richard Stallman">Richard Stallman</a>. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/encyclopedia.html" title="http://www.gnu.org/encyclopedia/encyclopedia.html" class="external text">The Free Encyclopedia Project</a>", <a href="/wiki/Free_Software_Foundation" title="Free Software Foundation">Free Software Foundation</a>, 1999.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.au=%5B%5BRichard+Stallman%5D%5D&rft.title=The+Free+Encyclopedia+Project&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gnu.org%2Fencyclopedia%2Fencyclopedia.html&rft.publisher=%5B%5BFree+Software+Foundation%5D%5D&rft.date=1999" class="Z3988">  </li>
<li id="_note-defactoleader"><a href="#_ref-defactoleader_0" title="">^</a> Frith, Holden. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://technology.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/tech_and_web/the_web/article1571519.ece" title="http://technology.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/tech_and_web/the_web/article1571519.ece" class="external text">Wikipedia founder launches rival online encyclopaedia</a>", <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a>, March 26, 2007. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/May_17" title="May 17">05-17</a>. “Wikipedia’s de facto leader, Jimmy Wales, stood by the site's format.”<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.aufirst=Holden&rft.aulast=Frith&rft.title=Wikipedia+founder+launches+rival+online+encyclopaedia&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Ftechnology.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fnews%2Ftech_and_web%2Fthe_web%2Farticle1571519.ece&rft.publisher=%5B%5BThe+Times%5D%5D&rft.date=March+26%2C+2007" class="Z3988">  — Holden Frith. </li>
<li id="_note-JayLyman"><a href="#_ref-JayLyman_0" title="">^</a> Lyman, Jay. "<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.crmbuyer.com/story/53137.html" title="http://www.crmbuyer.com/story/53137.html" class="external text">Wikipedia Co-Founder Planning New Expert-Authored Site</a>", LinuxInsider, September 20, 2006. Retrieved on <a href="/wiki/2007" title="2007">2007</a>-<a href="/wiki/May_17" title="May 17">05-17</a>.<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.type=newspaperArticle&rft.subject=News&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft.aulast=Lyman&rft.title=Wikipedia+Co-Founder+Planning+New+Expert-Authored+Site&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crmbuyer.com%2Fstory%2F53137.html&rft.publisher=LinuxInsider&rft.date=September+20%2C+2006" class="Z3988">  </li>
</ol>
</div>
<a name="External_links" id="External_links"></a>
<h2>External links</h2>
<div style="font-size: 90%;" class="infobox sisterproject">Find more information on Wikipedia by searching Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Sister projects">sister projects</a>: 
<a href="/wiki/Image:Wikiquote-logo.svg" title="" class="image"><img width="25" height="30" longdesc="/wiki/Image:Wikiquote-logo.svg" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/25px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" alt="" /></a> <a href="http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Wikipedia" title="wikiquote:Special:Search/Wikipedia" class="extiw">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote 
<a href="/wiki/Image:Wikisource-logo.svg" title="" class="image"><img width="25" height="26" longdesc="/wiki/Image:Wikisource-logo.svg" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/25px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" alt="" /></a> <a href="http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Wikipedia" title="wikisource:Special:Search/Wikipedia" class="extiw">Source texts</a> from Wikisource 
<a href="/wiki/Image:Commons-logo.svg" title="" class="image"><img width="25" height="34" longdesc="/wiki/Image:Commons-logo.svg" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/25px-Commons-logo.svg.png" alt="" /></a> <a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/Wikipedia" title="commons:Special:Search/Wikipedia" class="extiw">Images and media</a> from Commons 

</div>
<div class="infobox sisterproject">
<div class="floatleft"><a href="/wiki/Image:Wikinews-logo.png" title="Wikinews" class="image"><img width="50" height="26" longdesc="/wiki/Image:Wikinews-logo.png" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Wikinews-logo.png/50px-Wikinews-logo.png" alt="Wikinews" /></a></div>
<div style="margin-left: 60px;"><a href="/wiki/Wikinews" title="Wikinews">Wikinews</a> has news related to:
<div style="margin-left: 10px;"><a href="http://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Wikipedia" title="wikinews:Category:Wikipedia" class="extiw">Wikipedia</a></div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="section_SpokenWikipedia" class="infobox sisterproject noprint plainlinks">
<div style="text-align: center;">Listen to this article (<a href="/wiki/Image:Wikipedia.ogg" title="Image:Wikipedia.ogg">info</a>) 
<a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/49/Wikipedia.ogg" title="Wikipedia.ogg" class="internal">in media player</a>  · <img playparam="http://tools.wikimedia.de/~gmaxwell/jorbis/JOrbisPlayer.php?path=Wikipedia.ogg&wiki=en" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.png/18px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.png" style="padding: 0px 3px 0px 0px; cursor: pointer;" title="Play media" alt="" /><a rel="nofollow" href="http://tools.wikimedia.de/~gmaxwell/jorbis/JOrbisPlayer.php?path=Wikipedia.ogg&wiki=en" title="http://tools.wikimedia.de/~gmaxwell/jorbis/JOrbisPlayer.php?path=Wikipedia.ogg&wiki=en" class="external text">in browser</a></div>
<div style="float: left; margin-left: 5px;">
<div class="floatnone"><a href="/wiki/Image:Sound-icon.svg" title="Spoken Wikipedia" class="image"><img width="45" height="34" longdesc="/wiki/Image:Sound-icon.svg" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/45px-Sound-icon.svg.png" alt="Spoken Wikipedia" /></a></div>
</div>
<div style="font-size: xx-small; margin-left: 60px; line-height: 1.6em;">This audio file was created from an article revision dated <a href="/wiki/2005" title="2005">2005</a>-<a href="/wiki/June_25" title="June 25">06-25</a>, and may not reflect subsequent edits to the article. (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" title="Wikipedia:Media help">Audio help</a>)</div>
<div style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spoken_articles" title="Wikipedia:Spoken articles">More spoken articles</a></div>
</div>
<div style="display: none; right: 30px;" id="spoken-icon" class="metadata topicon">
<div style="overflow: hidden; width: 16px; position: relative; height: 12px;">
<div style="overflow: hidden; font-size: 12px; line-height: 12px; letter-spacing: 16px; position: absolute;"><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/49/Wikipedia.ogg" title="Wikipedia.ogg" class="internal">   </a></div>
<a href="/wiki/Image:Sound-icon.svg" title="This is a spoken article. Click here to listen." class="image"><img width="16" height="12" longdesc="/wiki/Image:Sound-icon.svg" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sound-icon.svg/16px-Sound-icon.svg.png" alt="This is a spoken article. Click here to listen." /></a></div>
</div>
<a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Wikipedia" title="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Wikipedia" class="external text">Wikipedia</a> at <a href="/wiki/SourceWatch" title="SourceWatch">SourceWatch</a>
<ul>
<li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.wikipedia.org/" title="http://www.wikipedia.org" class="external text">Wikipedia</a> - multilingual portal (contains links to all language editions of the project) </li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://dmoz.org/Computers/Open_Source/Open_Content/Encyclopedias/Wikipedia/" title="http://dmoz.org/Computers/Open_Source/Open_Content/Encyclopedias/Wikipedia/" class="external text">Wikipedia</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Open_Directory_Project" title="Open Directory Project">Open Directory Project</a> </li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/tech/wikipedia.html" title="http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/tech/wikipedia.html" class="external text">CBC News: I, editor</a> </li>
</ul>
<div style="clear: both;" id="NavFrame1" class="NavFrame">
<div class="NavHead">
<div style="padding: 0px; font-weight: normal; font-size: xx-small; left: 0.5em; width: auto; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); white-space: nowrap; position: absolute; background-color: transparent;" class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Template:Wikimedia Foundation">v</a> • <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Template talk:Wikimedia Foundation">d</a> • <a rel="nofollow" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Wikimedia_Foundation&action=edit" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Wikimedia_Foundation&action=edit" class="external text">e</a></div>
 
<a href="javascript:toggleNavigationBar(1);" id="NavToggle1" class="NavToggle" /></div>
<div style="margin: 0.5em; display: none; font-size: 0.9em;" class="NavContent">
<a href="/wiki/Wikibooks" title="Wikibooks">Wikibooks</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wikijunior" title="Wikijunior">Wikijunior</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Wikiversity" title="Wikiversity">Wikiversity</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary" title="Wiktionary">Wiktionary</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wikinews" title="Wikinews">Wikinews</a> • Wikipedia • <a href="/wiki/Wikiquote" title="Wikiquote">Wikiquote</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> • <a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>
</div>
</div>

Anonymous user

121.152.186.68

Changes

Wikipedia

Navigation menu

Views

Personal tools

Related Links

Advertisements

Search

Tools

Related Links[Edit]