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<p><strong><font size="3">Biology</font></strong> (from Greek: βίος, <em>bio</em>, "life"; and λόγος, <em>logos</em>, "knowledge") is the study of life. <br />Biology is an information science that is close to computer science and mathematics. The early 2000s was at the point where the conventional views of molecular biology changed rapidly with new views. One of them is the transition from the object-oriented understanding of biology to an interaction-oriented understanding. <br />Many scientists have predicted the reverse of reductionism in biology in the past, and such interaction-based molecular research is the starting point of a holistic way. <br />The most appropriate and general name of such a non-reductionist methodology of doing biology is perhaps omics. We now have enough individual objects in biology to look at the architecture of the biological information object networks. [[Network biology]] and [[systems biology]] are sub branches of biology where [[omics]] paradigm is applied.<br /><br />It contains such topics as classifying the various forms of organisms, how species come into existence, and the interactions they have with each other and with the natural environment. Biology encompasses a broad spectrum of academic fields that are often viewed as independent disciplines. However, together they address phenomena related to living organisms (biological phenomena) over a wide range of disciplines, many of which, for example, botany, zoology, and medicine are considered ancient fields of study.</p>
<p>Biology as a unified science was first developed in the nineteenth century, as scientists discovered that all living things shared certain fundamental characteristics and were best studied as a whole. Over a million papers are published annually in a wide array of biology and medicine journals,<sup class="reference" id="_ref-0">[1]</sup> and biology is a standard subject of instruction at schools and universities around the world.</p>
<p>As such a vast field, biology is divided into a number of disciplines. The old divisions by type of organism remains with subjects such as botany encompassing the study of plants, zoology with the study of animals, and microbiology as the study of microorganisms. The field may also be divided based on the scale at which it is studied: biochemistry examines the fundamental chemistry of life; cellular biology examines the basic building block of all life, the cell; Physiology examines the mechanical and physical functions of an organism; and ecology examines how various organisms interrelate. Applied fields of biology such as medicine are more complex and involve many specialized sub-disciplines.</p>