Difference between revisions of "PCR"

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<span style="LINE-HEIGHT: 160%"><strong><font size="3">[[Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR)]]<br /></font></strong><br />&nbsp;<strong>PCR의 원리 <br /></strong>Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)은 1983년 Mullis와 Faloona가 처음으로 개발하였다. 시험관에서의 DNA 증폭 방법으로, PCR은 DNA 중합효소에 의한 DNA 복제 특징을 이용한 것으로 유전자를 분석하고 연구하는데 있어서 가장 큰 문제점은 복잡한 전체 genome중에 연구하고자 하는 유전자가 희귀한데, PCR은 특정 DNA Sequence의 copy수를 기하급수적으로 증폭시키는 것이 가능하다. 따라서&nbsp;유전자 클로닝을 포함한 분자유전학, 의학생물학, 집단유전학등 생명과학의 전 분야에 혁신을 일으킬 수 있었다.<br /><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">중합효소</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">연쇄반응</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> (polymerase chain reaction, PCR)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">은</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">특정</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> DNA </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">부위를</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">특이적으로</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">반복</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">합성하여</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">시험관내에서</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">원하는</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> DNA </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">분자를</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">증폭시키는</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">방법으로서</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕">, </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">아주</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">적은</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">양의</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕">DNA</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">를</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">이용하여</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">많은</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">양의</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> DNA </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">합성이</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">가능하므로</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">분자</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">생물학적으로</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">제한효소의</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">발견만큼</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">획기적인</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">것이라고</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">할</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">수</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">있다</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">즉</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> genomic DNA</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">와</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">같은</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">아주</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">큰</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> DNA</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">로부터</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">원하는</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> DNA </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">부분만을</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">선택적으로</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">증폭시킨</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">후</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">일반적으로</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">사용되는</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> agarose gel</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">이나</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> polyacrylamide gel </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">상에서</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">뚜렷하게</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">보이는</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> band</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">로</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">가시화할</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">수가</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">있다</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">중합효소</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">연쇄반응을</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">통하여</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> in vitro</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">상에서</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">특정</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">부위의</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> DNA</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">를</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> 105</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕">108</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">배까지</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">수</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">시간</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">내에</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">증폭시킬</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">수</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">있다</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕">, </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">이렇게</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">증폭된</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> DNA</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">는</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">여러</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">실험에</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">이용하며</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕">, </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">실험</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">결과를</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">토대로</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">의학적인</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">연구에</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">응용할</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">수가</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 바탕; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA">있다</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-font-kerning: 1.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: KO; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: 바탕">.</span><br />특히 PCR에 사용하는 DNA 중합효소인 Taq polymerase는 고온의 온천수(72-74℃)에서 서식하는 미생물에서 분리한 것으로 72℃에서 활성이 가장 높으며 95℃ 이상의 고온에서도 매우 안정하여 PCR을 자동화시키는데 결정적인 역할을 하게 되었다. <br />PCR의 원리는 DNA의 양쪽 가닥을 주형으로 하여 원하는 DNA를 증폭시키는 방법으로 전체 DNA로부터 원하는 DNA 특정 부분을 선택적으로 증폭시.<br />DNA polymerase가 DNA합성 시작을 위해서는 외가닥 DNA의 주형이 있어야 하므로, double stand(이중가닥)으로 되어있는 주형을 고온(95℃)에서 denaturation(변성)을 시켜야 한다.<br />변성된 single stand DNA의 양 끝에 상보적으로 결합할 수 있는 작은 DNA 조각(primer)을 넣어주어 낮은 온도(50-65℃)에서 annealing(결합).<br />결합한 후에 72-74 ℃에서 Taq polymerase가 DNA 합성을 한다. 이렇게 'denaturation(변성)-annealing(결합)-extension(신장)'의 cycle이 30회 정도 반복 수행되어 DNA를 증폭킨다. 따라서 이론적으로 한 가닥의 주형으로 30회 cycle을 수행하면 230의 DNA 가닥을 얻을 수 있다. <br /><br />- 변성과정 <br />보통 94&sim;95℃에서 20&sim;60초 정도의 온도와 시간을 사용하지만 필요 이상의 변성 온도가 높거나 길다면 Taq polymerase의 활성을 감소시킬 수 있다. <br /><br />- 결합과정 <br />Annealing 온도는 실험 경험적으로 정하게 되는데, 일반적으로 사용하는 한 쌍의 primer 간의 Tm 값의 차이는 5℃ 이하로 디자인하고 상보적인 결합에 의한 primer dimer가 형성되지 않도록 설계해야 한다. <br /><br />- 진행과정 <br />Taq polymerase의 경우 72℃에서 1초당 약 60개의 염기를 중합시키기 때문에 1 kb까지는 45초 정도면 충분하지만, cycle이 진행됨에 따라 조금씩 extension time을&nbsp;늘릴&nbsp;수 있다. <br /><br /><strong>2. PCR에 필요한 재료 <br /></strong>- 주형 DNA: 증폭 대상이 되는 DNA . <br />-&nbsp;primer: DNA 중합효소가 DNA 합성을 개시하게 하는 짧은 외가닥 DNA. 증폭할 부분을 결정. <br />- dNTPs (dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP): DNA를 합성하는 재료가 되는&nbsp;뉴클레오티드 염기. <br />- [[Taq polymerase]]: 열에 특별히 강한 DNA 합성효소. <br /><br /><strong>3. PCR의 응용분야 <br /></strong>- 유전자 지도의 작성, Human [[Genome]] Project(인간 유전체 연구)에서 염기 서열 분석시 사용을 한다. <br />- 멸종된 과거 생물이나 현존 생물의 상호 유연관계를 규명하는 유전적 구성을 분석하는 진화 생물학이용에 이용이 가능하다. <br />- 친자확인, 범인 식별 등 [[Genetic Finger Printing]](유전적 지문 채취)을 이용한 법의학 분야에 활용이 가능하다. <br />- [[돌연변이]]분석, [[유전병]]진단, [[cDNA]] 합성 등에 이용에 쓰일 수 있다. <br />- 세포로부터 한 특정 DNA 조각을 직접 클로닝하는데 쓰일 수 있다.&nbsp;<br />- 바이러스나 각종 병원균 검출 초기식별에 사용이 가능하다. <br /></span>
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<p>[[Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR)]]</p>
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<p>[[피씨알]]<br />
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</p>

Latest revision as of 12:36, 22 February 2008

Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR)

피씨알

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