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<p>The <strong>Glossy Black Cockatoo</strong> (<em>Calyptorhynchus lathami</em>), also known as the <strong>Casuarina Black Cockatoo</strong> after one of their preferred food items, is the smallest member of the subfamily <a title="Cockatoo" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cockatoo">Calyptorhynchinae</a> found in Australia.</p><p>The scientific name honours the English ornithologist <a title="John Latham (ornithologist)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Latham_%28ornithologist%29">John Latham</a>.</p><table summary="Contents" class="toc" id="toc"> <tbody> <tr> <td><br /> </td> </tr> </tbody></table><script type="text/javascript">//<![CDATA[ if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); } //]]></script><p><a id="Description" name="Description"></a></p><h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Description</span></h2><p>Glossy Black Cockatoos are predominantly black with striking caudal red patches. Female birds are a duller dark brown in colour, with flecks of yellow in the tail and collar. An adult will grow to be about 46-50cm in length. The birds are often found in open forest and woodlands, and usually feed on seeds of the <a title="Casuarina" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casuarina">she-oak</a>.</p><p><a id="Subspecies" name="Subspecies"></a></p><h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Subspecies</span></h3><p>The three subspecies were proposed by Schodde <em>et al.</em> in 1993,<sup class="reference" id="_ref-Schodde93_0"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_note-Schodde93">[1]</a></sup> though Forshaw has reservations due to their extremely minimal differences.<sup class="reference" id="_ref-0"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_note-0">[2]</a></sup></p><ul> <li><em><strong>C. l. lathami</strong></em>: <em>(Rare)</em> The eastern subspecies found between southeastern <a title="Queensland" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queensland">Queensland</a> and <a title="Mallacoota, Victoria" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallacoota%2C_Victoria">Mallacoota</a> in Victoria, with isolated pockets in <a title="Eungella National Park" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eungella_National_Park">Eungella</a> in central Queensland and the <a title="Riverina" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riverina">Riverina</a> and <a title="Pilliga forest" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pilliga_forest">Pilliga forest</a>.<sup class="reference" id="_ref-1"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_note-1">[3]</a></sup> It is associated with <a title="Casuarina" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casuarina">casuarina</a> woodland.</li> <li><em><strong>C. l. erebus</strong></em> Occurs in central Queensland.<sup class="reference" id="_ref-Schodde93_1"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_note-Schodde93">[1]</a></sup></li> <li><em><strong>C. l. halmaturinus</strong></em>: <em>(Endangered)</em> The <a title="Kangaroo Island" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kangaroo_Island">Kangaroo Island</a>) subspecies has been listed by the <a title="Australian Government" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Government">Australian Government</a> as endangered. Restricted to the northern and western parts of the island, the population may be as low as 100 individuals. It depends on the Drooping she-oak (<em><a title="Allocasuarina verticillata" class="new" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Allocasuarina_verticillata&amp;action=edit">Allocasuarina verticillata</a></em>) and the Sugar Gum (<em><a title="Eucalyptus cladocalyx" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucalyptus_cladocalyx">Eucalyptus cladocalyx</a></em>)<sup class="reference" id="_ref-2"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_note-2">[4]</a></sup></li></ul><p><a id="Conservation_Status" name="Conservation_Status"></a></p><h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">Conservation Status</span></h2><p><a id="Australia" name="Australia"></a></p><h3><span class="editsection"></span> <span class="mw-headline">Australia</span></h3><p>Glossy Black-cockatoo are not listed as threatened on the <a title="Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environment_Protection_and_Biodiversity_Conservation_Act_1999">Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999</a>.</p><p><a id="State_of_Victoria.2C_Australia" name="State_of_Victoria.2C_Australia"></a></p><h3><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">State of Victoria, Australia</span></h3><ul> <li>The eastern subspecies of the Glossy Black-cockatoo (<em>C. l. lathami</em>) is listed as <strong>threatened</strong> on the Victorian <a title="Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act (1988)" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_and_Fauna_Guarantee_Act_%281988%29">Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act (1988)</a>.<sup class="reference" id="_ref-3"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_note-3">[5]</a></sup> Under this Act, an <em>Action Statement</em> for the recovery and future management of this species has not been prepared.<sup class="reference" id="_ref-4"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_note-4">[6]</a></sup></li></ul><ul> <li>On the 2007 advisory list of threatened vertebrate fauna in Victoria, the subspecies <em>C. l. lathami</em> is listed as <a title="Vulnerable" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vulnerable">vulnerable</a>.<sup class="reference" id="_ref-5"><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_note-5">[7]</a></sup></li></ul><p><br /></p><p><a id="External_links" name="External_links"></a></p><h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">External links</span></h2><ul> <li> http://www.birdsinbackyards.net/finder/display.cfm?id=100</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.deh.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/" class="external text" href="http://www.deh.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/">Threatened species and ecological communities</a></li></ul><p><a id="References" name="References"></a></p><h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">References</span></h2><div class="references-small"><ol class="references"> <li id="_note-Schodde93">^ <a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_ref-Schodde93_0">^{<em><strong>a</strong></em>}</a> <a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_ref-Schodde93_1">^{<em><strong>b</strong></em>}</a> Schodde R, Mason IJ &amp; Wood JT. (1993). Geographical differentiation in the Glossy Black Cockatoo <em>Calytorhynchus lathami</em> (Temminck), and its history. <em>Emu</em> <strong>93</strong>: 156-166</li> <li id="_note-0"><strong><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_ref-0">^</a></strong> Forshaw, Joseph M. &amp; Cooper, William T. (2002): <em>Australian Parrots</em> (3rd ed). Press, Willoughby, Australia. <a class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Booksources&amp;isbn=0958121206">ISBN 0-9581212-0-6</a></li> <li id="_note-1"><strong><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_ref-1">^</a></strong> Blakers M, Davies SJJF, Reilly PN (1984) <em>The Atlas of Australian Birds.</em> <a title="Birds Australia" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birds_Australia">RAOU</a> and Melbourne University press, Melbourne.</li> <li id="_note-2"><strong><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_ref-2">^</a></strong> Joseph L (1982) The Glossy Black Cockatoo on Kangaroo Island <em>Emu</em> <strong>82</strong> 46-49</li> <li id="_note-3"><strong><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_ref-3">^</a></strong> <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/DSE/nrenpa.nsf/LinkView/EADA0F1874AF9CF24A2567C1001020A388BBA5581CF9D859CA256BB300271BDB" class="external text" href="http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/DSE/nrenpa.nsf/LinkView/EADA0F1874AF9CF24A2567C1001020A388BBA5581CF9D859CA256BB300271BDB">Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria</a></li> <li id="_note-4"><strong><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_ref-4">^</a></strong> <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/DSE/nrenpa.nsf/LinkView/617768308BCB666E4A25684E00192281E7A24BB36FF60A144A256DEA00244294" class="external text" href="http://www.dse.vic.gov.au/DSE/nrenpa.nsf/LinkView/617768308BCB666E4A25684E00192281E7A24BB36FF60A144A256DEA00244294">Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria</a></li> <li id="_note-5"><strong><a title="" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calyptorhynchus_lathami#_ref-5">^</a></strong> <cite style="font-style: normal;" class="book">Victorian Department of Sustainability and Environment (2007). <em>Advisory List of Threatened Vertebrate Fauna in Victoria - 2007</em>. East Melbourne, Victoria: Department of Sustainability and Environment, 15. <a class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Booksources&amp;isbn=9781742080390">ISBN 978-1-74208-039-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Advisory+List+of+Threatened+Vertebrate%0AFauna+in+Victoria+-+2007&amp;rft.au=Victorian+Department+of+Sustainability+and+Environment&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.pub=Department+of+Sustainability+and+Environment&amp;rft.place=East+Melbourne%2C+Victoria&amp;rft.pages=15" class="Z3988">&nbsp;</span></li></ol></div><ul> <li>BirdLife International (2004). <a rel="nofollow" title="http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/3660/all" class="external text" href="http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/3660/all"><em>Calyptorhynchus lathami</em></a>. <em>2006 <a title="IUCN Red List" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCN_Red_List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a></em>. <a title="World Conservation Union" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Conservation_Union">IUCN</a> 2006. Retrieved on 11 May 2006. Database entry includes a lengthy justification of why this species is of least concern</li></ul><ul> <li>Flegg, Jim. <em>Birds of Australia: Photographic Field Guide</em> Sydney: Reed New Holland, <a title="2002" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002">2002</a>. (<a class="internal" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Booksources&amp;isbn=1876334789">ISBN 1-876334-78-9</a>)</li></ul><ul> <li>Garnett, S. (1993) <em>Threatened and Extinct Birds Of Australia</em>. RAOU. National Library, Canberra. ISSN 0812-8014</li> <li><br /> </li></ul><br />