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<p>Statistical methods can be used to summarize or describe a collection of data; this is called <strong>descriptive statistics</strong>. In addition, patterns in the data may be modeled in a way that accounts for randomness and uncertainty in the observations, and then used to draw inferences about the process or population being studied; this is called <strong>inferential statistics</strong>. Both descriptive and inferential statistics comprise <strong>applied statistics</strong>. There is also a discipline called <strong>mathematical statistics</strong>, which is concerned with the theoretical basis of the subject.</p>

<p>Statistical methods can be used to summarize or describe a collection of data; this is called <strong>descriptive statistics</strong>. In addition, patterns in the data may be modeled in a way that accounts for randomness and uncertainty in the observations, and then used to draw inferences about the process or population being studied; this is called <strong>inferential statistics</strong>. Both descriptive and inferential statistics comprise <strong>applied statistics</strong>. There is also a discipline called <strong>mathematical statistics</strong>, which is concerned with the theoretical basis of the subject.</p>

<p>The word <em><strong>statistics</strong></em> is also the plural of <em><strong>statistic</strong></em> (singular), which refers to the result of applying a statistical algorithm to a set of data, as in economic statistics, crime statistics, etc.</p>

<p>The word <em><strong>statistics</strong></em> is also the plural of <em><strong>statistic</strong></em> (singular), which refers to the result of applying a statistical algorithm to a set of data, as in economic statistics, crime statistics, etc.</p>

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<h2><span class="mw-headline">History</span></h2>

<h2><span class="mw-headline">History</span></h2>

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<h3><span class="mw-headline">General sites and organizations</span></h3>

<h3><span class="mw-headline">General sites and organizations</span></h3>

<ul>

<ul>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://lib.stat.cmu.edu/" href="http://lib.stat.cmu.edu/" rel="nofollow">Statlib: Data, Software and News from the Statistics Community (Carnegie Mellon)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://lib.stat.cmu.edu/" rel="nofollow" href="http://lib.stat.cmu.edu/">Statlib: Data, Software and News from the Statistics Community (Carnegie Mellon)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://isi.cbs.nl/" href="http://isi.cbs.nl/" rel="nofollow">International Statistical Institute</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://isi.cbs.nl/" rel="nofollow" href="http://isi.cbs.nl/">International Statistical Institute</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.mathcs.carleton.edu/probweb/probweb.html" href="http://www.mathcs.carleton.edu/probweb/probweb.html" rel="nofollow">Probability Web</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.mathcs.carleton.edu/probweb/probweb.html" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.mathcs.carleton.edu/probweb/probweb.html">Probability Web</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.statsci.org" href="http://www.statsci.org/" rel="nofollow">StatSci.org: Statistical Science Web</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.statsci.org" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.statsci.org/">StatSci.org: Statistical Science Web</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.conceptstew.co.uk/PAGES/freeresources.html" href="http://www.conceptstew.co.uk/PAGES/freeresources.html" rel="nofollow">Statistics Glossary - and other teaching and learning resources</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.conceptstew.co.uk/PAGES/freeresources.html" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.conceptstew.co.uk/PAGES/freeresources.html">Statistics Glossary - and other teaching and learning resources</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.census.gov/main/www/stat_int.html" href="http://www.census.gov/main/www/stat_int.html" rel="nofollow">Statistical Agencies (International)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.census.gov/main/www/stat_int.html" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.census.gov/main/www/stat_int.html">Statistical Agencies (International)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/" href="http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/" rel="nofollow">Statistical resources archive at UCLA</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/">Statistical resources archive at UCLA</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://statpages.org/" href="http://statpages.org/" rel="nofollow">StatPages.net (statistical calculations, free software, etc.)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://statpages.org/" rel="nofollow" href="http://statpages.org/">StatPages.net (statistical calculations, free software, etc.)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://freestatistics.altervista.org/" href="http://freestatistics.altervista.org/" rel="nofollow">Free Statistics (free and open source software, data and tutorials)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://freestatistics.altervista.org/" rel="nofollow" href="http://freestatistics.altervista.org/">Free Statistics (free and open source software, data and tutorials)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.amstat.org/" href="http://www.amstat.org/" rel="nofollow">American Statistical Association</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.amstat.org/" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.amstat.org/">American Statistical Association</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.sieds.it/index_en.htm" href="http://www.sieds.it/index_en.htm" rel="nofollow">SIEDS, Italian Society of Economics Demography and Statistics</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.sieds.it/index_en.htm" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.sieds.it/index_en.htm">SIEDS, Italian Society of Economics Demography and Statistics</a> </li>

</ul>

</ul>

<p><a id="Online_courses_and_textbooks" name="Online_courses_and_textbooks"></a></p>

<p><a id="Online_courses_and_textbooks" name="Online_courses_and_textbooks"></a></p>

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</div>

</div>

<ul>

<ul>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.stat.ucla.edu/~dinov/courses_students.html" href="http://www.stat.ucla.edu/~dinov/courses_students.html" rel="nofollow">A variety of class notes and educational materials on probability and statistics</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.stat.ucla.edu/~dinov/courses_students.html" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.stat.ucla.edu/~dinov/courses_students.html">A variety of class notes and educational materials on probability and statistics</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.statsoft.com/textbook/stathome.html" href="http://www.statsoft.com/textbook/stathome.html" rel="nofollow">Electronic Statistics Textbook (StatSoft,Inc., The Statistics Homepage)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.statsoft.com/textbook/stathome.html" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.statsoft.com/textbook/stathome.html">Electronic Statistics Textbook (StatSoft,Inc., The Statistics Homepage)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://davidmlane.com/hyperstat/index.html" href="http://davidmlane.com/hyperstat/index.html" rel="nofollow">HyperStat Online: An Introductory Statistics Textbook and Online Tutorial for Help in Statistics Courses (David Lane)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://davidmlane.com/hyperstat/index.html" rel="nofollow" href="http://davidmlane.com/hyperstat/index.html">HyperStat Online: An Introductory Statistics Textbook and Online Tutorial for Help in Statistics Courses (David Lane)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.micquality.com/downloads/ref-primer.pdf" href="http://www.micquality.com/downloads/ref-primer.pdf" rel="nofollow">Primer in Statistics Reference (MiC Quality)</a> (PDF) </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.micquality.com/downloads/ref-primer.pdf" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.micquality.com/downloads/ref-primer.pdf">Primer in Statistics Reference (MiC Quality)</a> (PDF) </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.richland.cc.il.us/james/lecture/m170/" href="http://www.richland.cc.il.us/james/lecture/m170/" rel="nofollow">Statistics: Lecture Notes (from a professor at Richland Community College)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.richland.cc.il.us/james/lecture/m170/" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.richland.cc.il.us/james/lecture/m170/">Statistics: Lecture Notes (from a professor at Richland Community College)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www2.chass.ncsu.edu/garson/pa765/statnote.htm" href="http://www2.chass.ncsu.edu/garson/pa765/statnote.htm" rel="nofollow">Statnotes: Topics in Multivariate Analysis, by G. David Garson</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www2.chass.ncsu.edu/garson/pa765/statnote.htm" rel="nofollow" href="http://www2.chass.ncsu.edu/garson/pa765/statnote.htm">Statnotes: Topics in Multivariate Analysis, by G. David Garson</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://sportsci.org/resource/stats/" href="http://sportsci.org/resource/stats/" rel="nofollow">&quot;A New View of Statistics&quot; by Will G. Hopkins</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://sportsci.org/resource/stats/" rel="nofollow" href="http://sportsci.org/resource/stats/">&quot;A New View of Statistics&quot; by Will G. Hopkins</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.StatisticalPractice.com" href="http://www.statisticalpractice.com/" rel="nofollow">&quot;The Little Handbook of Statistical Practice&quot;</a> by <a class="external text" title="http://www.tufts.edu/~gdallal/" href="http://www.tufts.edu/~gdallal/" rel="nofollow">Dr. Gerard E. Dallal</a>, <a title="Tufts University" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tufts_University">Tufts University</a>. </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.StatisticalPractice.com" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.statisticalpractice.com/">&quot;The Little Handbook of Statistical Practice&quot;</a> by <a class="external text" title="http://www.tufts.edu/~gdallal/" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.tufts.edu/~gdallal/">Dr. Gerard E. Dallal</a>, <a title="Tufts University" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tufts_University">Tufts University</a>. </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/" href="http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/" rel="nofollow">NIST Engineering Statistics Handbook</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/">NIST Engineering Statistics Handbook</a> </li>

</ul>

</ul>

<p><a id="Other_resources" name="Other_resources"></a></p>

<p><a id="Other_resources" name="Other_resources"></a></p>

<h3><span class="mw-headline">Other resources</span></h3>

<h3><span class="mw-headline">Other resources</span></h3>

<ul>

<ul>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.informath.org/StatDis.pdf" href="http://www.informath.org/StatDis.pdf" rel="nofollow">Disputes in statistical analyses</a> a single-page review (PDF). </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.informath.org/StatDis.pdf" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.informath.org/StatDis.pdf">Disputes in statistical analyses</a> a single-page review (PDF). </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.york.ac.uk/depts/maths/histstat" href="http://www.york.ac.uk/depts/maths/histstat" rel="nofollow">Materials for the History of Statistics (Univ. of York)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.york.ac.uk/depts/maths/histstat" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.york.ac.uk/depts/maths/histstat">Materials for the History of Statistics (Univ. of York)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.realityclock.com" href="http://www.realityclock.com/" rel="nofollow">Reality Clock</a> - Statistics that reflect the issues facing society and the world today. </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.realityclock.com" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.realityclock.com/">Reality Clock</a> - Statistics that reflect the issues facing society and the world today. </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.ericdigests.org/1993/marriage.htm" href="http://www.ericdigests.org/1993/marriage.htm" rel="nofollow">Resampling: A Marriage of Computers and Statistics (ERIC Digests)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.ericdigests.org/1993/marriage.htm" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.ericdigests.org/1993/marriage.htm">Resampling: A Marriage of Computers and Statistics (ERIC Digests)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.ericdigests.org/2000-2/resources.htm" href="http://www.ericdigests.org/2000-2/resources.htm" rel="nofollow">Resources for Teaching and Learning about Probability and Statistics (ERIC Digests)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.ericdigests.org/2000-2/resources.htm" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.ericdigests.org/2000-2/resources.htm">Resources for Teaching and Learning about Probability and Statistics (ERIC Digests)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.csdassn.org/software_reports.cfm" href="http://www.csdassn.org/software_reports.cfm" rel="nofollow">Software Reports (by the International Association for Statistical Computing)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.csdassn.org/software_reports.cfm" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.csdassn.org/software_reports.cfm">Software Reports (by the International Association for Statistical Computing)</a> </li>

−

     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.amstat.org/sections/sis/" href="http://www.amstat.org/sections/sis/" rel="nofollow">Statistics in Sports (Section of the ASA)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.amstat.org/sections/sis/" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.amstat.org/sections/sis/">Statistics in Sports (Section of the ASA)</a> </li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.r-project.org/" href="http://www.r-project.org/" rel="nofollow">The R Project for Statistical Computing</a> (free software for statistical computing</li>

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     <li><a class="external text" title="http://www.r-project.org/" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.r-project.org/">The R Project for Statistical Computing</a> (free software for statistical computing </li>

</ul>

</ul>

<p><br />

<p><br />

</p>

</p>

Statistics - Revision history

121.152.186.68 at 13:42, 22 September 2007

121.152.186.68 at 13:42, 22 September 2007