http://Opengenome.net/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Nosology
Nosology - Revision history
2026-05-13T03:20:32Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
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http://Opengenome.net/index.php?title=Nosology&diff=28031&oldid=prev
J at 15:31, 15 September 2007
2007-09-15T15:31:56Z
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 15:31, 15 September 2007</td>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><strong>Nosology</strong> (from the <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Greek language" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language">Greek</a> &quot;<em>nosos</em>,&quot; &quot;disease&quot;) is a branch of <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Medicine" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicine">medicine</a> that deals with <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Classification" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classification">classification</a> of <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Disease" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease">diseases</a>.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><font face="Arial"</ins>><strong>Nosology</strong> (from the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">" title="Greek language</ins>">Greek</a> &quot;<em>nosos</em>,&quot; &quot;disease&quot;) is a branch of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Medicine" title="</ins>Medicine">medicine</a> that deals with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Classification" title="</ins>Classification">classification</a> of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Disease" title="</ins>Disease">diseases</a>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></font></ins></p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Diseases may be classified by <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Etiology" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiology">etiology</a> (cause), <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Pathogenesis" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenesis">pathogenesis</a> (<a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Mechanism" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanism">mechanism</a> by which the disease is caused), or by <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Symptom" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symptom">symptom</a>(s). Alternatively, diseases may be classified according to the <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Organ system" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ_system">organ system</a> involved, though this is often complicated since many diseases affect more than one organ.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><font face="Arial"</ins>>Diseases may be classified by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Etiology" title="</ins>Etiology">etiology</a> (cause), <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Pathogenesis" title="</ins>Pathogenesis">pathogenesis</a> (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Mechanism" title="</ins>Mechanism">mechanism</a> by which the disease is caused), or by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Symptom" title="</ins>Symptom">symptom</a>(s). Alternatively, diseases may be classified according to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ_system<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">" title="Organ system</ins>">organ system</a> involved, though this is often complicated since many diseases affect more than one organ.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></font></ins></p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>A chief difficulty in nosology is that diseases often cannot be defined and classified clearly, especially when etiology or pathogenesis are unknown. Thus diagnostic terms often only reflect a symptom or set of symptoms (<a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Syndrome" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syndrome">syndrome</a>).</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><font face="Arial"</ins>>A chief difficulty in nosology is that diseases often cannot be defined and classified clearly, especially when etiology or pathogenesis are unknown. Thus diagnostic terms often only reflect a symptom or set of symptoms (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Syndrome" title="</ins>Syndrome">syndrome</a>).<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></font></ins></p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Some of the earliest efforts at developing a classification of diseases began in the <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="18th century" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18th_century">18th century</a> with the <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Taxonomist" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomist">taxonomist</a> <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Carolus Linnaeus" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus_Linnaeus">Carolus Linnaeus</a> and Francois Boissier de Sauvages, although <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Thomas Sydenham" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sydenham">Thomas Sydenham</a>'s work in the late <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="17th century" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_century">17th century</a> might also be considered a nosology.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><font face="Arial"</ins>>Some of the earliest efforts at developing a classification of diseases began in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18th_century<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">" title="18th century</ins>">18th century</a> with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Taxonomist" title="</ins>Taxonomist">taxonomist</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus_Linnaeus<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">" title="Carolus Linnaeus</ins>">Carolus Linnaeus</a> and Francois Boissier de Sauvages, although <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sydenham<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">" title="Thomas Sydenham</ins>">Thomas Sydenham</a>'s work in the late <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_century<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">" title="17th century</ins>">17th century</a><ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></font>  </ins>might also be considered a nosology.</p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>In the <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="19th century" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century">19th century</a>, <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Emil Kraepelin" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emil_Kraepelin">Emil Kraepelin</a> and then <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Jacques Bertillon" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Bertillon">Jacques Bertillon</a> developed their own nosologies. Bertillon's work, classifying causes of <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Death" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death">death</a>, was a precursor of the modern medical-billing code system, <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="ICD" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICD">ICD</a>.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><font face="Arial"</ins>>In the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">" title="19th century</ins>">19th century</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emil_Kraepelin<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">" title="Emil Kraepelin</ins>">Emil Kraepelin</a> and then <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Bertillon<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">" title="Jacques Bertillon</ins>">Jacques Bertillon</a> developed their own nosologies. Bertillon's work, classifying causes of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Death" title="</ins>Death">death</a>, was a precursor of the modern medical-billing code system, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ICD" title="</ins>ICD">ICD</a>.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></font></ins></p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>The early nosological efforts grouped <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Disease" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease">diseases</a> by their <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Symptom" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symptom">symptoms</a>, whereas modern systems (e.g. <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="SNOMED" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNOMED">SNOMED</a>) focus on grouping diseases by the <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Anatomy" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomy">anatomy</a> and <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title="Etiology" </del>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiology">etiology</a> involved.</p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><font face="Arial"</ins>>The early nosological efforts grouped <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Disease" title="</ins>Disease">diseases</a> by their <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Symptom" title="</ins>Symptom">symptoms</a>, whereas modern systems (e.g. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">SNOMED" title="</ins>SNOMED">SNOMED</a>) focus on grouping diseases by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Anatomy" title="</ins>Anatomy">anatomy</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Etiology" title="</ins>Etiology">etiology</a> involved.<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></font></ins></p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">id</del>="See_also" <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">name</del>="See_also"></a></p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><font face="Arial"</ins>><a <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">name</ins>="See_also" <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">id</ins>="See_also"></a<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></font</ins>></p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">See also</span></h2></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h2<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><font face="Arial"</ins>><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">See also</span<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></font</ins>></h2></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ul></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ul></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>     <li><<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">a title</del>="<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Differential diagnosis</del>" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_diagnosis">Differential diagnosis</a></li></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>     <li><<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">font face</ins>="<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Arial</ins>"<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><a </ins>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_diagnosis<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">" title="Differential diagnosis</ins>">Differential diagnosis</a<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></font</ins>></li></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>     <li><<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">a title</del>="<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ICD</del>" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICD">International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems</a></li></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>     <li><<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">font face</ins>="<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Arial</ins>"<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><a </ins>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">ICD" title="</ins>ICD">International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems</a<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></font</ins>></li></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>     <li><<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">a title</del>="<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Medical classification</del>" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_classification">Medical classification</a></li></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>     <li><<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">font face</ins>="<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Arial</ins>"<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><a </ins>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_classification<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">" title="Medical classification</ins>">Medical classification</a<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></font</ins>></li></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>     <li><<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">a title</del>="<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Pathology</del>" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathology">Pathology</a> (study of disease)</li></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>     <li><<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">font face</ins>="<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Arial</ins>"<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><a </ins>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Pathology" title="</ins>Pathology">Pathology</a> (study of disease)<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></font></ins></li></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>     <li><<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">a title</del>="<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Category:Diseases</del>" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Diseases">Category:Diseases</a> (Wikipedia's categorization of diseases)</li></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>     <li><<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">font face</ins>="<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Arial</ins>"<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><a </ins>href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">Category:Diseases" title="</ins>Category:Diseases">Category:Diseases</a> (Wikipedia's categorization of diseases)<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline"></font></ins></li></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ul></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div></ul></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p><a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">id</del>="External_links" <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">name</del>="External_links"></a></p></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><font face="Arial"</ins>><a <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">name</ins>="External_links" <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">id</ins>="External_links"></a<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></font</ins>></p></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">External links</span></h2></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h2<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><font face="Arial"</ins>><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">External links</span<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></font</ins>></h2></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ul></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ul></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>     <li>Gordon L. Snider, Nosology for Our Day Its Application to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, <em>American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine</em> Vol 167. pp. 678-683, (2003). <a <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">rel="nofollow" title</del>="http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/cgi/content/full/167/5/678" class="external text" <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">href</del>="http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/cgi/content/full/167/5/678">fulltext</a></li></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>     <li<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">><font face="Arial"</ins>>Gordon L. Snider, Nosology for Our Day Its Application to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, <em>American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine</em> Vol 167. pp. 678-683, (2003). <a <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">href</ins>="http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/cgi/content/full/167/5/678" class="external text" <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">title</ins>="http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/cgi/content/full/167/5/678<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">" rel="nofollow</ins>">fulltext</a<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">></font</ins>></li></div></td></tr>
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http://Opengenome.net/index.php?title=Nosology&diff=28028&oldid=prev
210.218.222.225 at 15:09, 15 September 2007
2007-09-15T15:09:18Z
<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div><p><strong>Nosology</strong> (from the <a title="Greek language" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_language">Greek</a> &quot;<em>nosos</em>,&quot; &quot;disease&quot;) is a branch of <a title="Medicine" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicine">medicine</a> that deals with <a title="Classification" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classification">classification</a> of <a title="Disease" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease">diseases</a>.</p><br />
<p>Diseases may be classified by <a title="Etiology" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiology">etiology</a> (cause), <a title="Pathogenesis" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogenesis">pathogenesis</a> (<a title="Mechanism" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanism">mechanism</a> by which the disease is caused), or by <a title="Symptom" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symptom">symptom</a>(s). Alternatively, diseases may be classified according to the <a title="Organ system" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ_system">organ system</a> involved, though this is often complicated since many diseases affect more than one organ.</p><br />
<p>A chief difficulty in nosology is that diseases often cannot be defined and classified clearly, especially when etiology or pathogenesis are unknown. Thus diagnostic terms often only reflect a symptom or set of symptoms (<a title="Syndrome" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syndrome">syndrome</a>).</p><br />
<p>Some of the earliest efforts at developing a classification of diseases began in the <a title="18th century" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18th_century">18th century</a> with the <a title="Taxonomist" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomist">taxonomist</a> <a title="Carolus Linnaeus" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolus_Linnaeus">Carolus Linnaeus</a> and Francois Boissier de Sauvages, although <a title="Thomas Sydenham" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Sydenham">Thomas Sydenham</a>'s work in the late <a title="17th century" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17th_century">17th century</a> might also be considered a nosology.</p><br />
<p>In the <a title="19th century" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th_century">19th century</a>, <a title="Emil Kraepelin" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emil_Kraepelin">Emil Kraepelin</a> and then <a title="Jacques Bertillon" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Bertillon">Jacques Bertillon</a> developed their own nosologies. Bertillon's work, classifying causes of <a title="Death" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death">death</a>, was a precursor of the modern medical-billing code system, <a title="ICD" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICD">ICD</a>.</p><br />
<p>The early nosological efforts grouped <a title="Disease" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disease">diseases</a> by their <a title="Symptom" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symptom">symptoms</a>, whereas modern systems (e.g. <a title="SNOMED" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNOMED">SNOMED</a>) focus on grouping diseases by the <a title="Anatomy" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomy">anatomy</a> and <a title="Etiology" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiology">etiology</a> involved.</p><br />
<p><a id="See_also" name="See_also"></a></p><br />
<h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">See also</span></h2><br />
<ul><br />
<li><a title="Differential diagnosis" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_diagnosis">Differential diagnosis</a></li><br />
<li><a title="ICD" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICD">International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems</a></li><br />
<li><a title="Medical classification" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_classification">Medical classification</a></li><br />
<li><a title="Pathology" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathology">Pathology</a> (study of disease)</li><br />
<li><a title="Category:Diseases" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Diseases">Category:Diseases</a> (Wikipedia's categorization of diseases)</li><br />
</ul><br />
<p><a id="External_links" name="External_links"></a></p><br />
<h2><span class="editsection"></span><span class="mw-headline">External links</span></h2><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Gordon L. Snider, Nosology for Our Day Its Application to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, <em>American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine</em> Vol 167. pp. 678-683, (2003). <a rel="nofollow" title="http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/cgi/content/full/167/5/678" class="external text" href="http://ajrccm.atsjournals.org/cgi/content/full/167/5/678">fulltext</a></li><br />
</ul></div>
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